儿童先天性耳聋的颞骨高分辨CT研究

目的:了解我国儿童先天性耳聋颞骨畸形的发生率及特点,为临床提供必要的依据。方法:175例听力筛查结果提示听力障碍的婴儿及其他5岁以下先天性耳聋的儿童。采用颞骨螺旋CT扫描,然后进行冠状面MPR重组。结果:CT共检出颞骨畸形61例,其中,外耳畸形24例(36耳),中耳畸形16例(20耳),内耳畸形34例(60耳),其中13例为合并畸形;单纯鼓室积液20例(32耳);其余94例颞骨无异常。约35%患者颞骨有畸形,55%患儿颞骨结构正常。结论:颞骨高分辨CT横断面螺旋扫描和冠状面MPR重组,能很好显示儿童先天性耳聋的颞骨解剖异常,鼓室积液可能是造成婴幼儿听力障碍的重要原因。

High Resolution CT Study of Congenital Hearing Loss in Children

Objective:To understand the incidence of malformations of the temporal bone and their distributions in children with congenital hearing loss.At the same time,to provide necessary informations for further treatment.Methods:One hundred and seventy-five cases of children with congenital hearing loss were studied by CT.The age ranged from 58 days to 5 years.Axial high-resolution spiral CT scan and coronal MPR reconstruction were done in all cases. Results:This study showed that 61 cases had temporal bone anomalies,accounting for 34.9%.Among them,24 cases with malformations of external auditory meatus,16 cases with middle ear malformations,and 34 cases with inner ear malformations.Among them,13 cases had several different malformations.In this study,20 cases with separate tympanic effusions were found,which accounted for 11.4%.The remaining 94 cases,accounting for 53.1%,had normal manifestations of temporal bone.Conclusion:The high-resolution spiral CT scan in axial view with 2D MPR for coronal view was the choice of the protocols in children with congenital hearing loss.Temporal bone anomalies were found in 34.9% cases.Over 50% cases had normal manifestations of temporal bone.The separate tympanic effusion was the important cause of abnormal ABR in infants.