洲滩型流行区人畜扩大化疗结合健康教育防治血吸虫病效果的纵向观察

在洲滩型血吸虫病流行区实施人畜扩大化疗结合健康教育防治策略后 ,进行了纵向观察。结果表明 :居民血吸虫感染率从实施前 ( 1 992年 )的 1 0 .39%降至实施结束时 ( 1 995年 )的 0 .96% ,而钉螺感染率和阳性螺密度则分别下降了 64.2 9%和 86.32 %。在对策中止实施 3年后 ,疫情出现回升 ,居民感染率升至 6.2 5% ,其中尤以 1 0～ 1 5岁年龄段升幅最大 ,男、女性感染率分别由 2 .82 %、1 .30 %升至 1 6.30 %和 1 1 .1 1 % ;钉螺感染率及阳性螺密度分别回升 2 4 0 .0 0 %和 92 8.85%。同时比较健教前后小学生疫水接触情况 ,结果显示健教减少了接触疫水频数 ,但其在对策中止 3年后出现上升。由此提出 :为巩固洲滩型流行区防治效果 ,在易感人群重点化疗的同时 ,应辅以易感地带局部灭螺 ,并保证儿童健康教育的连续性

LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL EFFECT OF EXTENDED CHEMOTHERAPY COMBINED WITH HEALTH EDUCATION IN ISLET ENDEMIC AREA

To understand the long term schistosomiasis control effect of extended chemotherapy combined with health education in islet endemic area, a longitudinal study has been made in 2 demonstration villages. The result showed that after carrying out the above control measures from 1992 to 1995, the residents infection rate decreased from 10.39% in 1992 to 0.96% in 1995, and the snail infection rate and density of infected snail decreased by 64.29% and 86.32% respectively. After the control measures being halted for 3 years, the residents infection rate increased to 6.25% in which the highest rate revealed in 10~15 years age group, and the male and female infection rates in this age group increased from 2.82% , 1.30% to 16.30% and 11.11% respectively. In addition, the snail infection rate and density of infected snail increased by 240.00% and 928.85%. The survey on students exposed in schistosome infested water showed that exposure frequency could be decreased by health education but increased after the control measure halted for 3 years. It has been suggested by the authors that to consolidate the control effect, on the basis of chemotherapy among higher risk persons, health education should be carried out in students and at the same time, snail control should be conducted in higher risk areas.