抑郁症动物模型的研究进展

近年来抑郁症发病率逐年上升,严重危害了人类的身心健康,但是其发病机制尚未明确。而动物模型可以模拟人类抑郁症的疾病状态,被广泛运用于抑郁症发病机制研究和抗抑郁新药的研发。抑郁症动物模型根据造模方式不同可以分为以下几类:应激造模,手术造模,药物诱发造模和遗传造模。这些模型可以从不同的方面来解释抑郁症的发生,比如神经递质及其受体和转运蛋白、神经营养因子、神经内分泌系统、炎症假说等,在抑郁症的研究中发挥重要作用。该综述就常用的啮齿类动物抑郁症模型进行概述和评价,为抑郁症的研究提供参考。

Research progress on animal models of depression

The incidence of depression has been increasing over the recent years, which can cause serious physical and mental health problems in humans, but its pathogenesis has not been fully clarified. Animal models can simulate the depression in humans, thus are widely used for studies of the pathogenesis of depression, as well as in research and development of new antidepressants. According to the different ways of modeling, animal models of depression can be divided into the following categories:stress models, surgical models, drug-induced models and genetic models. These models can provide useful tools to explain some pathogenetic aspects of depression, such as neurotransmitters and their receptors/transporters, neurotrophic factors, neuroendocrine systems, inflammatory hypotheses, and so on. This review summarizes and evaluates the commonly used rodent animal models of depression and provides a reference for further research on depression.