学龄前儿童全血中5种微量元素含量分析

目的:调查学龄前儿童全血微量元素的现状,为制定合理的膳食结构,保障学龄前儿童正常的生长发育,预防严重疾病的发生提供依据。方法:采用多通道原子吸收光谱仪测定2 000名学龄前儿童末梢全血锌、钙、镁、铁、铜含量。对不同性别、年龄、居住地进行t检验,并对铁、钙及锌的全血含量进行相关性分析。结果:2 000名学龄前儿童中以铁、锌、钙缺乏为主,铁缺乏占42.17%,锌缺乏占38.83%,钙缺乏占20.83%。微量元素缺乏在不同性别和年龄间差异无统计学意义。城乡儿童各种微量元素缺乏分别占31.33%和47.65%,并以钙、铁缺乏的差异显著(P<0.05)。全血中钙含量和锌含量之间呈负相关(P<0.01),回归系数为-25.093,相关系数为0.225;锌含量和铁含量之间呈正相关(P<0.01),回归系数为6.328,相关系数为0.749。结论:学龄前儿童锌、铁、钙缺乏较为普遍,且农村多于城市。全血中锌和铁以及锌和钙含量之间均具有相关性。

Analysis on the contents of five kinds of trace elements in whole blood of preschool children

Objective:To investigate the current situation of trace elements in whole blood among preschool children,provide a basis for formulating a rational dietary composition,ensuring the normal growth and development of preschool children,and preventing the occurrence of serious diseases.Methods:Multi-channel atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to detect the contents of zinc,calcium,magnesium,iron,and copper in peripheral blood of 2 000 preschool children.t test was conducted among the preschool children of different genders,age groups,and living in different areas;the correlation of iron,calcium,and zinc contents in whole blood was analyzed.Results:The most of the 2 000 preschool children lacked iron,zinc,and calcium,the proportions of iron deficiency,zinc deficiency,and calcium deficiency were 42.17%,38.83%,and 20.83%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the incidences of trace elements deficiencies among the preschool children of different genders and age groups.The proportions of trace elements deficiencies in urban children and rural children were 31.33% and 47.65%,respectively,there was significant difference in the incidences of calcium deficiency and iron deficiency between urban children and rural children(P< 0.05).There was a negative correlation between calcium content and zinc content in whole blood(P< 0.01),the regression coefficient was-25.093,and the correlation coefficient was 0.225.There was a positive correlation between zinc content and iron content in whole blood(P< 0.01),the regression coefficient was 6.328,and the correlation coefficient was 0.749.Conclusion:Zinc deficiency,iron deficiency,and calcium deficiency are common among the preschool children,and the incidences among the rural children are higher than those among the urban children.There is correlation between zinc content and iron content in whole blood,as well as between zinc content and calcium content in whole blood.