孕妇膳食摄入量两种评估方法的比较

目的:探讨孕妇孕中期能量与营养素摄入的评估方法,为孕期膳食调查研究方法提供依据。方法:在孕中期同时采用24 h膳食回顾法和连续3天24 h膳食记录法分别记录被调查者调查前一日膳食摄入情况和连续3天24 h所摄取的所有食物名称及数量,计算每人每日食物和营养素摄入量。采用非参数检验法和Spearman相关分析比较两种膳食调查方法调查结果间的差异性和相关性。结果:24 h膳食回顾法获得数据中除蛋白质和碳水化合物摄入量被高估外,脂肪及其他营养素摄入量均低于3天×24 h膳食记录法。两种膳食调查方法获得的结果间差异无统计学意义,相关性较差。结论:在总体评估孕妇膳食能量及营养素摄入水平时24 h回顾法和3天×24 h记录法调查结果间是相似的,但在评估个体膳食能量及营养素摄入量及其与健康相关问题时,3天×24 h记录法得出结果可能相对较好。

Comparison of two dietary assessment methods for maternal dietary intakes

Objective:To explore the assessment methods of energy and nutrients intakes during the second trimester of pregnancy,provide a basis for making dietary assessment methods for maternal dietary intakes.Methods:The situations of dietary intakes(including the name and number of foods) of the study objects on the day before investigation and successive three days after investigation were recorded by 24-hour dietary review method and 24-hour dietary recording method for successive three days,respectively;the intakes of foods and nutrients every one every day were calculated.Nonparametric test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to compare the difference of two dietary assessment methods and the correlation.Results:Among the data obtained by 24-hour dietary review method,the intakes of protein and carbohydrate were overestimated,while the intakes of lipid and the other nutrients were lower than those obtained by 24-hour dietary recording method for successive three days.There was no significant difference in the investigation results between the two dietary assessment methods,and the correlation was poor.Conclusion:The investigation results of 24-hour dietary review method and 24-hour dietary recording method for successive three days are similar for assessing the maternal dietary intakes of energy and nutrients of the pregnant women,but the results obtained by 24-hour dietary recording method for successive three days are better for assessing the personal dietary intakes of energy and nutrients and the health-related problems.