海军某部舰艇官兵腰痛流行病学调查

目的：对某部舰艇官兵腰痛的流行病学进行调查。方法采用自行设计的腰痛调查问卷对某部1266名舰艇官兵进行腰痛发病状态调查，收集相关数据。按照在舰艇服役年限分为：1～5年组；6～9年组；10年以上组，分别调查各组腰痛发病率、改良（oswestry，OSW）腰痛失能评价量表评价失能情况、计算体重指数（bodymassindex，BMI），对组间数据进行对比分析。同时，研究比较腰痛官兵和非腰痛官兵的年龄、舰艇服役时间和体重指数。结果1266名舰艇官兵，腰痛组880例，发病率69.51%，年龄（37.4±9.3）岁，舰艇服役时间（9.4±8.7）年，体重指数23.98±7.75；非腰痛组386人，年龄（27.6±10.3）岁，舰艇服役时间（6.3±7.9）年，体重指数22.42±10.34。腰痛组的服役时间（ P＜0.05）、年龄（P＜0.05）、均明显高于非腰痛组，体重指数差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。舰艇服役1～5年官兵727人，腰痛官兵455例，发病率62.59%，舰艇服役时间（3.1±1.7）年，OSW得分8.63±4.71，体重指数23.43±13.11；舰艇服役6～9年官兵356人，患腰痛官兵263例，发病率73.88%，舰艇服役时间（6.8±1.2）年，OSW得分13.17±6.36，体重指数24.23±10.58；舰艇服役10年以上官兵183人，患腰痛官兵162例，发病率88.52%、舰艇服役时间（11.8±1.6）年，OSW得分20.26±9.13，体重指数24.72±13.36。舰艇服役10年以上的腰痛发生率较10年以下发病率高，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），由腰痛引起的失能程度也明显重于其它两组（P＜0.05）。结论舰艇官兵腰痛发病率较高，舰艇服役时间是影响腰痛发生的重要因素，应针对性地采取预防措施，减少舰艇官兵腰痛的发生。

An epidemiological investigation of low back pain in the military personnel of a naval unit

Objective To carry out an epidemiological investigation of low back pain in the military personnel of a naval unit. Methods An investigation of the disease state of low back pain was conducted in 1266 ofifcers and soldiers in a naval unit using a questionnaire about low back pain designed by ourselves, and relative data were collected. According to their service lives, all the respondents were divided into 3 groups, including the group of 1-5 years, the group of 6-9 years and the group of more than 10 years. The incidence of low back pain, the disability degree based on the Advanced Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index （ OSW ） and the Body Mass Index （ BMI ） were measured in each group, and the differences among the 3 groups were analyzed. At the same time, the age, service time on the naval ship and BMI between the respondents with or without low back pain was comparatively studied. Results All the 1266 ofifcers and soldiers were divided into 2 groups, including the group with low back pain （ n=880 ） and the group without low back pain （ n=386 ）. The incidence was 69.51%in the group with low back pain, whose age was （ 37.4±9.3 ） years old, service time was （ 9.4±8.7 ） years and BMI was （ 23.98±7.75 ） kg/m2. In the group without low back pain, their age was （ 27.6±10.3 ） years old, service time was （ 6.3±7.9 ） years and BMI was （ 22.42±10.34 ） kg/m2. The service time was signiifcantly longer （ P＆lt;0.05 ） and the age was signiifcantly older （ P＆lt;0.05 ） in the group with low back pain than that in the group without low back pain, but there were no signiifcant differences in the BMI between the 2 groups （ P＆gt;0.05 ）. In the group of 1-5 years （ n=727 ）, 455 ofifcers and soldiers had low back pain, whose service time was （ 3.1±1.7 ） years, OSW score was 8.63±4.71 and BMI was （ 23.43±13.11 ） kg/m2, with the incidence of 62.59%. In the group of 6-9 years （ n=356 ）, 263 ofifcers and soldiers had low back pain, whose service time was （ 6.8±1.2 ） years, OSW score was 13.17±6.36 and BMI was （ 24.23±10.58 ） kg/m2, with the incidence of 73.88%. In the group of more than 10 years （ n=183 ）, 162 ofifcers and soldiers had low back pain, whose service time was （ 11.8±1.6 ） years, OSW score was 20.26±9.13 and BMI was （ 24.72±13.36 ） kg/m2, with the incidence of 88.52%. The incidence of low back pain in the ofifcers and soldiers whose service time was more than 10 years was obviously higher than that of those whose service time was less than 10 years （ P＆lt;0.05 ）. The disability degree caused by low back pain was also obviously higher than that in other groups （ P＆lt;0.05 ）. Conclusions The incidence of low back pain in the naval personnel is relatively high. The service time is an important factor affecting the occurrence of low back pain, and speciifcally preventive measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of low back pain in the naval personnel.