培养法和PCR法对检测3种口腔常见微生物的比较研究

目的采用选择性培养基分离培养法和PCR法对3种口腔常见致病微生物进行检测，比较两种方法对口腔致病菌的检出的敏感性．方法选择高龋和广泛型慢性牙周炎菌斑样本各40例，采用选择性培养基传统培养法和PCR法对菌斑样本进行检测，检测龋菌斑样本中的变异链球菌（S．mutans）和慢性牙周炎菌斑样本中的具梭核杆菌（F．nucleatum）和牙龈卟啉菌（P．ginginvalis）．结果通过选择性培养基分离培养，S．mutans检出率67．5％，P．ginginvalis检出率30％，F．nucleatum检出率70％．采用PCR方法，S．mutans检出率92．5％，P．ginginvalis检出率90％，F．nucleatum检出率80％．除了F．nucleatum外，其余两种细菌的两种方法检出率之间存在明显差异（P〈0．01）．结论PCR方法检测口腔常见微生物的敏感性高于传统培养方法．

Comparison of Culture and PCR Methods for Detection of Oral Common Microorganisms

Objective To determine an ideal method for detection of oral microorganisms, through comparing the sensitivity of detection of oral common microorganisms by culture on selective media and PCR methods. Methods 40 patients with caries-suspective （dmfs 〉 8） and 40 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis were selected. Dental plaque was cultured and amplified by specific PCR to detect S.m in caries-suspeetive group, F.n and P.g in generalized chronic periodontitis group. Results When PCR was compared with the culture method for the detection of oral common microorganisms, the culture methods （S. mutans 67.5%, P. ginginvalis 30%, F.nucleatum 70% ） and PCR （S.mutans 92.5%, P.ginginvalis 90%, F. nucleatum 80% ） had significant difference in S.mutans and P.ginginvalis （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion PCR is more sensitive than the culture method in dectection of oral common microorganisms.