腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恶心呕吐原因分析及早期护理干预

目的：小剂量地塞米松，恩丹西酮对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恶心和呕吐（PONV）有预防作用，二者效果尚未评价，对此预防效果作临床观察。方法：对60个择期腹腔镜胆囊切除术的病人进行随机、双盲、安慰剂的比较。空腹前将地塞米松组（D组）静注地塞米松5mg；恩丹西硐（O组）静注恩丹西硐4mg，安慰剂组（A组）静注生理盐水。结果：在超过3次呕吐经历（P〈0．05），D组和。组明显减少了恶心和呕吐（PONV）的发生（P〈0．01），D组和O组无显著差异。结论：预防性静注小剂量地塞米松或恩丹西酮4mg明显降低腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的恶心和呕吐发生率，较安慰剂优。

The Analysis and Early Nursing Intervention for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Objective： Low- dose dexamethasone, ondansetron in laparoscopic cholecystectomy nausea and vomiting （PONV） have a preventive effect, the two effects have not yet evaluated for clinical observation of this preventive effect. Method ： Pairs of 60 elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients randomized, double - blind, and placebo comparison. The dexamethasone group （l） ） intravenous injection of dexamethasone 5mg; ondansetron cave （0） cave intravenous ondansetron 4 mg, the placebo group （ A ） intravenous normal saline. Result： D group and O group significantly reduced the overall nausea and vomiting （ PONV ） . the overall incidence （ P 〈 0.01 ） experienced and more than three times vomiting （P 〈 0.05 ） , There was no significant difference. Conclusion： Preventive intravenous low -dose dexamethasone after laparoscopic cholecystectomy significantly reduced the nausea and vomiting rate and ondansetron 4 mg are similar, per pound superior to placebo.