流动儿童社会适应力特点分析

目的探讨郑州市流动儿童社会适应力特点,为流动儿童的早期心理干预提供依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法,选取流动儿童236例,非流动儿童207例;流动儿童按性别分成2组;按年龄段分成3组,A组:8岁≤年龄10岁;B组:10岁≤年龄12岁;C组:12岁≤年龄14岁。对所有受试者采用社会适应力调查表进行问卷调查。结果 (1)在人际交往能力、应急反应能力和挫折承受能力因子上,城市儿童得分显著高于流动儿童(P0.05);而在独立生活能力上流动儿童得分显著高于城市儿童(P0.05);社会适应力总分比较城市儿童得分显著高于流动儿童(P0.05)。(2)流动儿童组内,男生挫折承受能力显著高于女生(P0.05);女生独立生活能力高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)A、B、C 3组社会适应力比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01):年龄越大,社会适应力水平相应较高;在人际交往能力和独立生活能力维度得分上,各年龄段流动儿童间比较有显著差异(P0.05)。结论加强流动儿童人际交往、应急反应能力的训练,对提高流动儿童整体社会适应力有重要意义。

Analysis of the characteristics of social adaptation in migrant children

Objective To explore the characteristics of the social adaption in migrant children in Zhengzhou .Methods To‐tally 236 migrant children and 207 urban children were involved this study .All the subjects were accepted the children's social adaptability questionnaire .The migrant children were divided into two groups according to gender .The migrant children were divided into three groups according to age .Group A :8 years≤age<10 years ;Group B :10 years≤age<12 years ;Group C :12 years≤age<14 years .Results Compared to the urban children ,migrant children had significantly lower scores of interper‐sonal skills ,the emergency response capability ,frustration tolerance and total scores on the children's social adaptability ques‐tionnaire(P<0 .05) .But on the independent life ability ,migrant children had significantly higher scores than the urban chil‐dren(P<0 .05) .In migrant children group ,boys got higher scores on frustration tolerance than the girls'.But the girls got higher scores on the independent life ability than the boys'.The total scores on the children's social adaptability questionnaire were different among A ,B ,C groups(P<0 .01) .The scores of interpersonal skills and the independent life ability were differ‐ent among Three age groups(P<0 .05) .Conclusion It may be beneficial to improve the social adaption in migrant children of which to strengthen the interpersonal skills and the emergency response capability .