神经内科患者医院感染调查分析

目的研究神经内科入住院患者发生医院感染(NI)的特点及防治措施。方法采用回顾性调查分析的方法,对我院2014-01-12神经内科出院的3 055例患者的NI情况进行调查分析。结果神经内科住院患者发生医院感染328例,医院感染发生率为10.74%,351例次,例次发病率为11.49%,其中以脑卒中患者感染较多,其中脑出血51例(15.55%),脑梗死148例(45.12%);感染部位最常见于呼吸系统、消化系统、泌尿系统;呼吸系统214例(60.97%),泌尿系统25例(7.12%),消化系统76例(21.65%),皮肤软组织17例(4.84%)。医院发生医院感染的危险因素主要包括住院患者的病情严重程度、有无侵入性操作、病区空气的环境、住院时间、相应季节、患者年龄、住院时药物应用等。结论神经内科患者医院感染发病率较高,因素以外源性为主,对住院患者注意无菌操作,积极治疗原发病,增强医护人员无菌观念和合理使用抗菌药物,能有效降低医院感染的发生。

The survey of nosocomial infection in neurology department

Objective To analyze the characteristics of nosocomial infection(NI) and the corresponding prevention measures in neurology department.Methods The clinical data of 3 055 inpatients with NI in the neurology department of our hospital from Jan 2014 to Dec.2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 328 inpatients were concomitant with NI and the rate of infection was 10.74 ％.The infections occurred mainly in cerebral stroke patients,and our data showed that 51 cerebral hemorrhage patients(15.55％) and 148 cerebral infarction patients(45.12％) were accompanied with NI.The infection distributions were described in detail as follows:214 patients in respiratory systems(60.97 ％),25 patients in urinary systems(7.12 ％),76 patients in gastrointestinal systems (21.65 ％) and 17 patients in cutis tissues (4.84 ％).Conclusion Patients in neurology department have high rate of nosocomial infection and the exogenous factors are predominant.Thus clinical workers should pay attention to aseptic manipulation,should cure the primary illnesses and use anti-bacteria drugs rationally to effectively lower the incidence of nosocomial infection.