胸腔镜与开胸手术治疗先天性心脏病的对照研究

目的：观察研究胸腔镜与传统开胸手术治疗先天性心脏病的临床治疗效果。方法：选取我院收治的先天性心脏病患者56例，根据监护人或患者意愿分为腔镜组26例和传统组30例，腔镜组施行完全胸腔镜下手术，传统组采用常规直视下开胸手术。观察比较两组患者的升主动脉阻断时间、体外循环时间、术后呼吸机辅助呼吸时间、术后住院时间、手术时间、胸腔引流量和术后并发症等。结果：腔镜组胸腔引流量和术后住院时间明显优于开胸组（P〈0.05），而两组其它各方面的比较无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；经随访两组患者心功能均I级。结论：全胸腔镜下治疗先天性心脏病，可减少创伤、缩短住院时间、并具有显著美容效果等优点，值得临床推广应用。

Comparative study on the thoracoscopic and open chest surgeries for the treatment of congenital heart disease

Objective： To analyze clinical therapeutic effect of both thoracoscopic surgery and the traditional open chest surgery in the treatment of congenital heart disease. Methods： Fifty-six patients with congenital heart disease hospitalized in our hospital were selected and divided into a laparoscopic group with 26 cases and a traditional group with 30 cases based on supervisor or patient wish. Patients underwent totally thoracoscopic surgery in the laparoscopic group while a conventional open chest surgery in the traditional group. The times for ascending aortic clamping, cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB）, postoperative mechanical ventilation, postoperative hospitalization and operation and the bleeding volume and postoperative complications were compared between two groups. Results： The volume of chest drainage and the time for postoperative hospital stay were significantly reduced in the laparoscopic group （P〈0.05） while the comparisons of other aspects had no significant difference between two groups （P〉0.05）. The cardiac function of all patients could be confirmed as grade I after follow up. Conclusion： The treatment of congenital heart disease under thoracoscopy is worthy of clinical application because it can reduce the trauma, shorten the time of hospitalization and also has cosmetic advantage.