基于EST-SSR标记的栀子品种亲缘关系分析及指纹图谱构建

目的 使通过分子标记手段鉴定栀子Gardeniajasminoides品种成为现实，满足苗期鉴别栀子品种资源的需要。方法 采用14对多态性较好的转录组微卫星（EST-SSR）引物对栀子及10个品种进行扩增检测，分析其遗传多样性和遗传距离等参数，并进行系统聚类。结果 14对EST-SSR引物共检测到62个等位基因，平均每个位点扩增出4.4条，栀子品种Nei多样性指数（H）和Shannon指数（I）分别为0.653 3和1.226 8，表现出较高的遗传多样性水平。同一品种的不同样品能较好地聚集在一起，但品种之间并未完全按形态学性状聚类分支。构建的指纹图谱通过引物及引物组合能较好地将栀子品种进行区分。结论 利用14对EST-SSR引物成功地构建了10个栀子品种的指纹图谱，研究结果可为栀子品种鉴定、亲缘关系及品种起源提供科学依据。

Genetic relationship analysis and fingerprint construction of Gardenia jasminoides cultivars based on EST-SSR markers

Objective To identify Gardenia jasminoides cultivars by molecular markers, and meet the needs of identifying G. jasminoides cultivars resources at seedling stage. Methods Fourteen pairs of EST-SSR primers with good polymorphism were used to amplify 10 G. jasminoides cultivars. The parameters of genetic diversity and genetic distance were analyzed, and the cluster analysis was carried out. Results A total of 62 alleles were detected by 14 pairs of EST-SSR primers, with an average of 4.4 alleles per locus. The Nei diversity index (H) and Shannon index (I) of G. jasminoides cultivars were 0.6533 and 1.2268, showing a high level of genetic diversity. Different samples of the same cultivars could gather together well, but the cultivars did not cluster according to morphological characters. The constructed fingerprints can be used to distinguish G. jasminoides cultivars by primers and primer combinations. Conclusion Using 14 pairs of EST-SSR primers, the fingerprints of 10 Gardenia cultivars were successfully constructed. The results can provide scientific basis for the identification, genetic relationship and origin of G. jasminoides cultivars.