济宁市农村生活饮用水卫生状况调查

[目的]了解济宁市农村生活饮用水卫生现状,为有关部门实施农村改水提供科学依据。[方法]采用多阶段抽样方法,抽取30份水样,检测pH值、总硬度、氟化物、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、细菌总数7项指标,同时进行相关问卷调查。[结果]58.4%的农村饮用水以浅层地下水为水源,51.6%的农户采用自备封闭式水井;31.5%的农户采用村集中供水,采取净化消毒措施的仅为8.4%;64.8%的水源周围20m内有污染源;氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、氟化物合格率分别为73.3%、30.0%、80.0%、6.7%。[结论]济宁市农村饮用水分散式给水比例仍较高,水源及水质卫生状况较差,饮水氟化物含量较高。

A Research on Hygienic Status of Rural Drinking Water

[ Objective] To survey the hygienic status of drinking water,and provide basis for implementation of the project improving it. [ Methods] Multistage sampling stozategy was used to collect to water samples monitored. pH value,ammonia, nitrite,nitrate,fluoride,total hardness and counting of total bacteria were measured.[ Results] 58.4% used shallow underground water as sourice of drinking. 51.6% used family dug and sealed wells. 31.5% adapted central water supply at village level. Only 8.4% water supply passed purification and disinfection. 64.8% well surrounded by pollution sousce in their 20 m circumstances. Rates meet regulation requirement for ammonia nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and fluoride were 73.3%,30.2%,80.0% and 6.7%,respectively. [ Conclusions] The proportion of dispersed individual water supply in the countryside surround Ji-Ning City is still high as 68.5%. The quality of source water and drinking water is rather poor. The concentration of fluoride in drinking water is high.