工厂噪声对螺旋器损伤实验研究一扫描电镜观察

工业噪声主要损伤内耳的感觉细胞—毛细胞。本文用健康豚鼠,分组实验,一组直接暴露于工厂噪声环境,一组暴露于车间录制的模拟噪声,暴露频率范围、强度等条件相同。观察不同时间引起的内耳毛细胞损伤变化。噪声暴露结果,噪声暴露三h即发现耳蜗毛细胞发生变化。病理改变以外毛细胞变化为主,第三排外毛细胞最明显。作者认为外毛细胞较内毛细胞易损伤是因为外毛细胞远离蜗轴,当声音激荡时,它的振幅和位移比其它毛细胞要大。另外,还发现在內毛细胞的外侧有球形小体出现,性质待定。

Experimental study on damage of noise in factory to the organ of Corti in guinea pigs

Industrial noise induces special damage to the auditory organ,principally to the sensory cells-hair cells of the inner ear. In order to observe the pathological changes, guinea pigs were directly exposed to the noise originated in the factory.Degeneration of cochlear hair cells was observed 3h after the expo-sure, mainly in the outer hair cells (OHC) , especially in the third row, including disordered arrangement, adhesion and fusion of the stereocilia,loss of hair cells and cuticular plate atrophy. The damage spread gradually to involve the upper turn.It is considered that, the outer hair cells are far from the modiolus chockleae, the amplitude and displacement are larger when they are agitated by the sound waves, so the damage is more severe, on the other hand, the inner hair cells are nearer to the modiolus, and the angle between the tectorial membrane and basilar membrane is small,their activity is thus limited.As a result, the damage is comparatively slight.