使用人工耳蜗和助听器的语前聋儿童言语识别能力的研究

目的 通过对使用人工耳蜗和助听器的语前聋儿童的言语识别能力的比较研究,为人工耳蜗植入适应证提供参考.方法实验对象包括18例人工耳蜗植入和40例配戴助听器的先天性语前聋儿童,先在自由声场测试双耳裸耳听阈,根据装置使用时间和平均裸耳听阈值分组,测试并比较使用人工耳蜗和助听器的语前聋儿童封闭项的声母、韵母、单音节词识别率.结果人工耳蜗植入时间≥2年组儿童的韵母、声母和单音节词识别率明显高于＜2年组患者.助听器使用时间≥2年组的各测试项识别率与＜2年组差异无统计学意义.装置使用时间＜2年的语前聋儿童,人工耳蜗植入者的各测试项识别率均明显高于平均裸耳听阈＞100 dB HL的助听器使用者,与平均裸耳听阈≤100 dB HL的助听器使用者的各测试项识别率差异均无统计学意义.装置使用时间≥2年的语前聋儿童,人工耳蜗植入者的各测试项识别率均明显高于平均裸耳听阈＞90 dB HL的助听器使用者,但与平均裸耳听阈＞70 dB HL但≤90 dB HL的助听器使用者差异无统计学意义.结论极重度语前聋儿童人工耳蜗植入后能获得比助听器使用者更好的言语识别能力.

Study on the Speech Recognition Abilities of Prelingual Deaf Children with Cochlear Implants or Hearing Aids

Objective To study the speech recognition abilities of prelingual deaf children with cochlear implants(CI) or hearing aids(HA).The results were considered for the evaluation of audiological criteria for CI candidates.Methods 58 prelingual deaf children,18 CI recipients and 40 HA users participated in the test. The unaided pure tone thresholds of all subjects were tested in the free-field firstly. All subjects were grouped according to the usage time of the devices and unaided pure tone thresholds.A close-set test including recognition of vowel,consonant and monosyllable, was administered on all subjects.The speech recognition scores(SRS) were compared between the CI recipients and the HA users.Results The SRS for the CI recipients with more than 2 years of usage time were significantly higher than those with less than 2 years. But there were no significant differences in the SRS between the two HA groups. For the subjects with less than 2 years of using CI,the SRS of vowel,consonant and monosyllable of the CI recipients were significantly higher than the HA users whose pure tone average (PTA)exceeded 100 dB HL, but there were no significant differences in the SRS between them and the HA users with PTA from 70 to 100 dB HL. For the subjects fitted with the devices for more than 2 years, the SRS for the CI recipients were significantly higher than those of the HA users whose PTA exceeded 90 dB HL, but there were no significant differences in the SRS between them and the HA users with PTA from 70 to 90 dB HL.Conclusion Speech recognition abilities of prelingual deaf children with CI can be developed better than those with HA.