河源市城区2001～2003年出生缺陷监测分析

目的 :了解河源市城区出生缺陷儿发生率 ,探讨出生缺陷发生的相关因素 ,为制定和采取预防干预措施提供依据。方法 :按照全国出生缺陷监测方案的要求 ,对 2 0 0 1年 1月～ 2 0 0 3年 12月河源市城区 3家出生缺陷监测医院住院分娩的孕满2 8周至产后 7d内的围产儿进行监测。结果 :3年共监测围产儿 7788例 ,出生缺陷儿 10 5例 ,出生缺陷儿发生率为 13 4 8‰ ,出生缺陷儿死亡率为 5 2 3 81‰ ;前 5位出生缺陷依次为胎儿水肿、多指 (趾 )、先天性心脏病、先天性脑积水、马蹄内翻足 ;农村出生缺陷儿发生率显著高于城镇 (P <0 0 1) ;双胎出生缺陷儿发生率高于单胎 (P <0 0 5 ) ;第一季度的出生缺陷儿发生率明显高于第四季度 (P <0 0 5 ) ;母亲≥ 3 5岁组的出生缺陷儿发生率明显高于 2 0～ 3 0岁组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;出生缺陷的发生与性别无相关性 ;母亲孕早期患病、用药、接触有害物质占 11 4 3 %;产前确诊率为 5 0 4 8%。结论 :要广泛开展健康教育 ,普及优生优育知识 ,加强孕前、孕期保健和产前诊断工作 ,继续开展出生缺陷监测工作的病因学研究 ,降低出生缺陷儿发生率。

Analysis of child birth defece monitoring from 2001 to 2003 in Heyuan city proper

Objective:To investigate child bearing blemish in Heyuan City proper,and the related factor of the incidence of birth defect,to provide evidence for instituting and maleing preventie and intention measures.Methods:Based on the request of the state birth defect minitoring scheme,from January 2001 to December 2003,parturient perinatal children conceived for full 28 weeks to 7 days after birth in three city proper hospitals monitoring brith defect were monitored.Results:Total 7.788 preinatal children and 105children with birth defect were monitored in 3 years,The incidence of brith defect was 13.48‰,mortality of children with brith defect was 523.81‰,The first five brith defects were,respectively felal edema,polydactyly(figer or toes),congenital anomalies of heart,congenital hydrocelephalus and deformity of lower limb,The incidence of brith defect in rural is obviously higher than that in urban;The incidence of brith defect for twin pregnancy is high than that for one pregnancy;The incidence of brith defect in the first quarter is obvionsly higher than that in the lust quarter,the incidence of brith defect in the guoup of mothers,over 35 years old is obviously higher than that in the group of mothers from 20 to 30 years old;The incidence of brith defect is inelevant to sex;11.4% of mothers were exposed to harmful,substance,when they took medicine in their early period of pregnancy;50.48% of them were confirmed.Conclusion:Decreasing the incidence of brith defect should be made measures as follow:to launch extensively health education,popularize prepotency knowledge of pregnancy among the people,strengthen before pregnancy qragestational and during the pregnancy hygiene and prenatal diagnosis,continue to research etiology about monitoring birth defect.