Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina;3. Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio;4. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;5. Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia;6. Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;7. Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri;8. Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California;9. Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK