抗N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体脑炎的病因学

抗N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体（NMDAR）脑炎是近年来新认识的一种自身免疫性脑炎，儿童较多见。虽然对该病的认识不断加深，但其确切病因仍不明确。揭示抗NMDAR 脑炎的病因，对于进一步阐明该病的发病机制，深入认识该病，早期诊断并尽早启动相关免疫治疗从而改善预后是十分必要的。复习国内外文献，早期认为抗NMDAR 脑炎多与肿瘤尤其是畸胎瘤有关，随后的研究又发现其发病也与感染、遗传等因素等有关。该文对抗NMDAR 脑炎病因的认识及演变过程进行概述。

Etiology of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a type of newly recognized autoimmune encephalitis which is commonly seen in children, but its precise etiology is still uncertain. To reveal the etiology of anti-NMDAR encephalitis is very necessary for understanding its pathology, and for starting immune-related therapy as early as possible to improve its prognosis. In the initial literature, tumor, especially teratoma is more related with the anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In recent research, its etiology is related to infection and heredity. This article reviews the recognition and variation of the etiology of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.