V征斜视的临床特点和手术治疗的远期效果

目的探讨V征斜视的临床特点和手术方法及治疗效果。方法收集63例因V征斜视行下斜肌减弱术和常规水平直肌后退和(或)缩短术患者,回顾性总结和分析手术前、后的斜视度数,上、下注视眼位的斜视度数差,斜肌功能和双眼视功能状态。平均随访时间为8.2个月。结果62例(98.4%)患者合并双眼或单眼下斜肌功能亢进(+2或+3),行下斜肌减弱术和常规水平直肌后退和(或)缩短术;1例患者合并双眼下斜肌功能亢进(+1),仅行水平直肌后退缩短术。术前上、下注视眼位的斜视度数差为25.6△,随访末期为4.5△。48例外斜视V征患者术前水平斜视度数为(外斜)37.2△,随访末期为(内斜)3.4△,其中38例(79.2%)患者的斜视度数<±10△;15例内斜视V征患者术前水平斜视度数为50.6△,随访末期为(内斜)2.4△,其中11例(73.3%)患者的斜视度数<10△。术后21例(33.3%)患者恢复立体视功能。结论V征斜视患者多合并下斜肌功能亢进,减弱下斜肌功能可有效矫治V征斜视,常规斜视矫正方法可有效矫正水平斜视;术后患者立体视功能恢复情况良好。

Clinical features of V patterns strabismus and its long-term effect of surgical treatment

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the features and treatment of V patterns strabismus. METHODS: Pre- and post-operative deviation and oblique muscle action as well as binocular visual function were evaluated in sixty-three V pattern patients. The difference between upgaze and downgaze of deviation were recorded before and after operation. RESULTS: Sixty-two patients (98.4%) with binocular or unilateral inferior oblique overaction + 2 to + 3 were treated with inferior oblique weakening procedure and horizontal rectus recession-resection procedure. 1 patient with binocular inferior oblique overaction + 1 treated with horizontal recti recession-resection procedure. The difference between upgaze and downgaze is 25.6 prism diopters (PD) preoperatively and 4.5 PD postoperatively. The primary-position exotropia preoperatively of 48 V pattern exotropia is 37.2 PD, after surgery, the average deviation is 3.4 PD of esotropia [38 cases (79.2%) with deviation within +/- 10 PD]. 15 cases of V pattern esotropia had deviation 50.6 PD preoperatively, after surgery, the average deviation is 2.4 PD of esotropia [11 cases (73.3%) with deviation within 10 PD]. 21 patients (33.3%) obtained stereo visual function after surgery. CONCLUSION: V patterns always had inferior oblique over action and could be treated with the inferior oblique weakening procedure. The primary-position deviation should be treated by traditional horizontal rectus recession-resection procedure. The stereoscopic function had a good prognosis with surgery.