护理干预对长期鼻饲匀浆膳食患者营养状况的影响

目的 探讨护理干预对长期鼻饲匀浆膳食患者营养状况的影响。方法 采用膳食调查、人体测量、实验室检查方法对31例长期鼻饲患者进行营养状况调查，根据调查结果采用健康教育、制定膳食建议等护理干预措施，确保患者每日摄入热量、三大营养成分供能比值符合合理的营养要求。比较患者干预前、后的营养状况。结果 护理干预后患者的营养状况[每天摄入的热量、蛋白质、碳水化舍物及上臂肌围（MAMC）、三头肌皮褶厚度（TSF）、淋巴细胞总数、白蛋白等观察指标]得到明显改善（P〈0.01）；呕吐、吸入性肺炎的发生率较护理前明显降低，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论 护理干预能改善长期自制匀浆膳食患者的营养状况，降低并发症率。

Effect of Nursing Intervention on Nutritional Status of Patients Receiving Long-Term Nasal Feeding of Homogenized Meals

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention on the nutritional status of patients who receive long-term nasal feeding of homogenized meals.Methods Using dietary survey,somatometric measurement and laboratory examination,we investigated the nutritional status of 31 long-term nasal feeding patients.According to the investigating results,the nursing interventions such as health instruction,and making dietary recommendations were used to make sure that heat energizing and proportionality of the three major nutritional ingredients in daily intake are consistent with reasonable nutritional requirement.The nutritional status of the patients before nursing intervention were compared with those after two months' nursing intervention.Results The nutritional status of the patients after nursing intervention(the indexes of MAMC,TSF,number of lymphocyte,albumin etc.)were all improved obviously.Conclusion Nursing intervention can improve the nutritional status of patients receiving long-term nasal feeding of the self-made homogenized meals.