腹壁下部静脉蒂皮瓣血管的巨微解剖

观察了50侧成人腹壁标本。 腹前壁每侧有外侧、内上和内下浅静脉。存在2支和3支线静脉的占80％。浅静脉中以内上浅静脉的存在最为恒定,管径最粗,收纳范围最大,平均达脐以上70.88mm,行程有规律,因此具有临床价值。 浅静脉干内都有瓣膜。瓣膜主要位于静脉的终未(即口瓣),浅静脉的下半段及脐平面上下2cm范围内。瓣膜的下方多有属支汇入。属支开口处也常有口瓣。 联系静脉瓣讨论了静脉蒂皮瓣移植后的淤血问题。

Macro-micro-anatomy of Vasculature of the Venous Pedicle Skin Flap of Lower Abdominal Wall

Fifty sides of human lower abdominal wall were studied. Altogether three superficial veins were found in this area, namely, the lateral, the superior medial, and the inferior medial superfical anterior abdominal veins. In 80% of cases, 2 or 3 superficial veins were present in one side simultaneously. The most constant among the three was the superior medial superficial vein. It had a larger caliber and larger collection area, reached 70.88mm in average above the umbilicus, and ran a rather regular course. It was suggested that the superior medial superfical vein be of clinical importance when a venous pedicle skin flap is to be made.Vales existed in all the trunks of the superficial veins of the low r abdo-minl wall. They were mainly situated at the openings of the veins (ostial valves), in the distal half of the veins, and in the veins of the area about 2 cm around the umbilicus. The tributaries opened into the venous trunk below the valves. Ostial valves also could be found in small tridutaries.The relationship between the blood stasis after the transplantaion of the skin flap and the position of the valves was discussed.