乳腺癌前病变的临床诊断研究

目的：探讨乳腺癌前病变的各种检查方法的应用价值。方法：对131例乳腺癌的癌前病变的B超、钼靶摄片及纤维乳管镜检查等诊断方法进行分析。评价其各自的诊断价值。结果：全组病例均经手术切除活检诊断为乳腺癌的癌前病变。纤维乳管镜检查对乳头溢液病人病灶检出率为93．75％（45／48）；B超对癌前病变的检查符合率为39．69％（52／131），肿块组、溢液组及无肿块无溢液组分别为52．94％（27／51）、10．41％（5／48）和62．50％（20／32）；钼靶摄片对癌前病变的检查符合率为53．41％（47／88），肿块组、溢液组及无肿块无溢液组分别为53．33％（16／30）、28．13％（9／32）和84．62％（22／26）。结论：合理应用B超、钼靶摄片及纤维乳管镜等检查手段。是早期检出乳腺癌的癌前病变的有效措施。

Clinical diagnosis of precancerous lesions of breast cancer

Objective To evaluate various diagnostic methods in determining the precancerous lesions of breast cancer.Methods A total of 131 cases of precancerous lesions of breast cancer were diagnosed by different methods,including ultrasonography,mammography and fiberoptic ductoscopy.Results All the patients were confirmed to have precancerous lesions of breast cancer by operation and pathology.The detection rate of fiberoptic ductoscopic examination was 93.75%(45/48)in patients with nipple discharge.The detection of ultrasonography was 39.69%(52/131) in all the patients,52.94%(27/51) in patients with palpalte mass,10.41%(5/48) in patients with nipple discharge and 62.50%(20/32) in patients without mass or nipple discharge,respectively.The accuracy of mammography in the detection of precancerous lesions was 53.41%(47/88) in all patients,53.33%(16/30) in patients with mass,28.13%(9/32) in patients with nipple discharge and 84.62%(22/26) in patients without mass or nipple discharge,respectively.Conclusions The rational use of ultrasonography,mammography and fiberoptic ductoscopy can effectively help detecting the precancerous lesions of breast cancer.