新疆树莓果实营养成分及其提取物抗氧化性研究

目的分析新疆野生树莓果实营养成分,并对其提取物进行抗氧化活性测定。方法进行营养保健成分含量分析,并对果实95%乙醇提取物经石油醚脱脂后,依次用乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,观察不同萃取部位对DPPH·和·OH的清除能力。结果树莓鲜果中必需氨基酸含量高达320mg%,非必需氨基酸中谷氨酸含量较高(180mg%);富含维生素C(28.04mg%)和钾(147.32mg%);有机酸含量高达1.72%,以柠檬酸为主;其它如总酚、总黄酮、鞣化酸、单宁含量分别为498、125、2.2和290mg%,SOD活性高达606.93U/ml。树莓不同提取物均显示了较好的抗氧化活性,以乙酸乙酯部分最高,与清除DPPH自由基相比,清除羟自由基能力强。结论新疆野生红树莓果富含多种营养保健成分和抗氧化活性,有很好的开发价值。

STUDY ON THE NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS OF RASPBERRY FRUITS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

Objective To analyze the nutrients contents of Xinjiang wild raspberry fruits and evaluate the antioxidant capacity. Method The nutritional components were analyzed with GB(national standards methods) and other related methods. Red raspberry fruit was extracted with 95% ethanol,defatted with petroleum ether,then partitioned with EtOAc and BuOH successively. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated with DPPH· and ·OH scavenging assay. Results Red raspberry fruit contained 17 kinds of amino acids,among which essential amino acids were up to 320 mg%,and glutamate(180%) was the highest in non-essential amino acids. Besides,raspberry fruit was rich in carbohydrates(10.62%) ,organic acid( 1.72%,mainly citric acid) ,vitamin C(28.04 mg%) ,potassium(147.32 mg%) and zinc(3.8mg%) . The content of total phenolics,total flavonoids,ellagic acid and tannin was 498%,125 mg%,2.2 mg% and 290 mg% respectivily. SOD activity reached 606.93U/ml. Compared with gallic acid and ascorbic acid,the crude extract and different soluble fractions of raspberry fruit showed good antioxidant activity,among which ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest activity,especially in ·OH scavenging activity. Conclusion Xinjiang wild raspberry fruits contain various nutritional components and have high antioxidant activity,showing good prospect for development and utilization.