爆炸性胸部创伤伤情特点分析

目的　研究胸部爆炸伤的伤情特点及规律 ,为胸部爆炸伤的救治提供原则和依据。方法　按爆炸源和致伤动物之间的距离不同 ,30只家兔随机分为 4组 ,观察破片、冲击波对胸壁、肺脏、心脏和周围其它脏器的损伤情况。结果　胸部破片伤和冲击伤的发生率分别为 73 3%和 10 0 % ,伤后即刻死亡率为 30 0 % ,心脏破裂、肋骨骨折、胸腔积血和胸腹合并伤的发生率分别为 10 0 %、5 0 0 %、5 6 7%、5 3 3%。结论　破片和冲击伤是胸部爆炸伤的主要致伤因素 ,以多发伤和复合伤多见 ,伤情重而复杂 ,早期死亡率高 ,加强胸部爆炸伤的防护和早期、现场救治是提高存活率的关键。

Study of wound characteristics of explosive thoracic trauma

Objective To study the wound characteristics and rules of explosive thoracic trauma and provide basis and principle for the treatment Methods According to the distance from the rabbits to explosive center,30 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. The wound characteristics of thoracic wall,heart,lung and other surrounding organs were observed after fragments and blast injury Results 22(73 3%) rabbits suffered from fragment injury and 30(100%) suffered from blast wave. 9(30 0%) died immediately after injury The occurrence rate of heart rupture,rib fracture,thoracic cavity bleeding and thoracic-abdomen combined injury was 10 0%,50 0%,56 7% and 53 3% respectively Conclusions Fragments and blast wave are the major injury factors of explosive thoracic trauma The multiple and complicated wound are very common,which makes serious and complex wound Most animals die rapidly and early mortality rate is high It is key point for improving survival rate to enhance protection and exit treatment as early as possible