Conventional and novel PET tracers for imaging in oncology in the era of molecular therapy |
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Authors: | Pantaleo M A Nannini M Maleddu A Fanti S Ambrosini V Nanni C Boschi S Biasco G |
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Affiliation: | Institute of Hematology and Medical Oncology L. & A. Seragnoli, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. pantaleo@med.unibo.it |
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Abstract: | In the last ten years, the development of several novel targeted drugs and the refinement of state of the art technologies such as the genomics and proteomics and their introduction to clinical practice have revolutionized the management of patients affected by cancer. However, everyday practice points out several clinical questions: the difficulty of response assessment to new drugs especially using standard RECIST criteria that do not provide information on biological, vascular or metabolic variations; the inadequate selection of patients who are likely to benefit from a targeted therapy excluding those with breast cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumours; the need to know the global biological background of diseases especially in metastatic setting using repeatable non-invasive procedures. Molecular imaging could provide information on in vivo distribution of biological markers in response to targeted therapy and could improve the selection of patients before therapies. The aim of this review is to analyze the current role of conventional and innovative positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers in clinical practice and to explore the promising perspectives of molecular imaging in cancer research. |
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Keywords: | 17AAG, 17-(Allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin ARs, androgen receptors ASCO, Annual Meeting of Clinical Oncology 11C-acetate, 11Carbon acetate 11C-choline, 11Carbon choline CEUS, contrast-enhanced ultrasound 11C-methionine, 11Carbon methionine CT, computed tomography DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid DOTATOC, [1,4,7,10-tetraazacy-clododecane-N,N′N″,N?-tetraacetic-acid-d-Phe1-Tyr3]-octreotide DSS, disease-specific survival DTPA, diethylene triamine pentaacetate EGFr, epidermal growth factor receptor FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose 18F-FDG, 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose 18F-FHBG, (9-[4-18F-fluoro-3-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine) 18F-FLT, 18fluorine-3-fluoro-3-deoxy-thymidine FDHT, 16β-fluoro-5α-dyhidrotestosterone 18F–fluoride, 18fluorine–fluoride 18F-fluoro-l-DOPA, 18F-fluoro-l-dihydroxyphenylalanine FLT, fluoro-3-deoxy-thymidine 18F-PCV, 18fluorine fluoropenciclovir PCV 68Ga-DOTANOC, 68 gallium tetraazacyclododecanetetraacetic acid-[1-Nal3]-octreotide 68Ga-DOTATOC, 68gallium [1,4,7,10-tetraazacy-clododecane-N,N′N″,N?-tetraacetic-acid-d-Phe1-Tyr3]-octreotide 68Ga, gallium68 GEP, gastro-enteropancreatic tumours GIST, gastrointestinal stromal tumours HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma IHC, immunohistochemistry 111In, indium 111 111In DOTANOC, 111indium tetraazacyclododecanetetraacetic acid-[1-Nal3]-octreotide 124I HuMV833, 124 iodinate humanized mouse monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody I, iodium HuMV833, humanized mouse monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody IRG, imaging of reporter gene HSV1-tk, herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase MEN1, multiple endocrine neoplasm 1 Met, methionine MIBG, metaiodobenzylguanidine MR, magnetic resonance NET, neuroendocrine tumour NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer OS, overall survival PDGFr-α, platelet-derived growth factors receptor PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor FOLFOX, fluorouracil, leucovorin calcium, oxaliplatin PET, positron emission tomography PSA, prostate specific antigen RCC, renal cell carcinoma RECIST, response evaluation criteria in solid tumours SCLC, small cell lung cancer SPECT, single photon computed tomography SSTR, somatostatin receptor SU11248, sunitinib TGF-α, transforming growth factor-α TK, tyrosin kinase TTP, time to progression VEGFr, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 86Y, yttrium 86 |
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