肾移植术后急性排斥反应的临床观察及护理措施

目的 总结肾移植术后急性排斥反应的主要临床症状和表现，并提出相应的护理措施，以指导临床护理工作。方法 回顾性统计36例肾移植术后患者发生排斥反应时的临床症状和表现，并进行分析。结果 尿量减少及体温增高是急性排斥反应发生时的首要和集中表现，其次为血压升高和体重增加，另外也可表现为移植。肾胀痛等。结论 肾移植术后，护士应加强患者出入量及生命体征的观察，了解患者的主诉，采取预见性护理，以有效判断肾移植术后急性排斥反应的发生，为抗排斥治疗争取时间。

Clinical Observation and Nursing Strategy of Acute Rejection after Renal Transplantation

Objective To evaluate the symptoms of 36 patients after renal transplantation when renal rejection took place and set up relevant nursing guidelines.Methods The records of these patients were read and analyzed.Results Reduced urine output and high temperature were the first and most important symptoms of these patients.And the increase of blood pressure and body weight and the swouen pain of graft also preserted.Conclusion Nurses play an important role in the clinical work.Key nursing points include:1) close observation of urine output;2) precautious observation of vital signs;3) being alert to patients' complaint;and 4) improvement of nursing ability.