煤工尘肺患者血清中可溶性Fas和FasL水平及临床意义

目的探讨煤工尘肺患者血清中可溶性Fas（sFas）和可溶性FasL（sFasL）水平及意义。方法用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法检测52例矽肺患者（矽肺组）、57例煤工尘肺患者（煤工尘肺组）、46例井下健康工人（井下对照组）及40例井上健康人（井上对照组）血清中sFas和sFasL水平。结果分别与井上对照组、井下对照组比较，矽肺和煤工尘肺患者血清中sFas和sFasL水平均明显增高，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；井下对照组sFas、sFasL均明显高于井上对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；与矽肺组比较，煤工尘肺患者血清中sFas水平升高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），而sFasL水平虽也升高，但无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。矽肺组、煤工尘肺组与单纯Ⅰ期比较，Ⅰ期并发肺气肿、单纯Ⅱ＋Ⅲ期患者血清sFas水平均增高，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01），而sFasL水平按尘肺相关指标分组比较均无明显改变。不同接尘时间比较，矽肺和煤工坐肺患者血清中sFas和sFasL水平均无明显改变。sFas、sFasL在矽肺中无相关性，而在煤工尘肺中呈正相关关系。结论矽肺和煤工尘肺患者血清中sFas和sFasL水平异常，sFas和sFasL与尘肺发牛发展过程有关，sFas水平的变化可能预示着尘肺病情的发展变化，检测sFas对鉴别矽肺和煤工尘肺有一定参考价值。

Levels and clinic significance of serum soluble Fas and soluble Fas ligand in coal workers' pneumoconiosis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of levels and clinic significance of serum soluble Fas (sFas) and soluble FasL (sFasL) in coal workers' pneumonoconiosis. METHODS: Serum levels of sFas and sFasL were determined in 52 patients with silicosis, 57 coal workers' pneumonoconiosis, 46 healthy underground coal workers' (the underground control group) and 40 healthy volunteers working on the ground (the ground control group) with a sandwich ELISA. RESULTS: Compared to the underground control and the ground control group, the serum levels of sFas and sFasL in the patients with silicosis and the coal workers' pneumonoconiosis were significantly higher (P < 0.01). Serum levels of sFas and sFasL in the underground control group were significantly higher than those in the ground control group (P < 0.01); Serum sFas levels in coal workers' pneumonoconiosis was significantly higher than those in the patients with silicosis (P < 0.01). Although the serum sFasL levels was also increased, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). In the patients with silicosis and the coal workers' pneumonoconiosis patients, the serum sFas levels in Phase I patients combined with emphysema and simple Phase II + III patients were significantly higher than those in simple Phase I patients (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the serum sFasL levels among various groups with different parameters of pneumonoconiosis. In the patients with silicosis and the coal workers' pneumonoconiosis, serum levels of sFas and sFasL were not significantly altered among different duration of exposure to dusts. There was no correlation between serum levels of sFas and sFasL in the patients with silicosis while there was a slightly positive correlation between sFas and sFasL levels in the coal workers' pneumonoconiosis (r = 0.479, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In the patients with silicosis and the coal workers' pneumonoconiosis, the serum levels of sFas and sFasL are abnormal and associated with the development of the pneumonoconiosis. The changes of serum sFas levels may indicate the development and progression of the pneumonoconiosis. The detection of the serum sFas level may be used in the differential diagnosis for the silicosis and the coal worker's pneumonoconiosis.