内蒙古自治区1955-2006年肾综合征出血热流行特征分析

目的阐明内蒙古地区肾综合征出血热（HFRS）的流行特征。方法对内蒙古地区52年来的疫情资料及监测情况进行统计分析，对重点疫区宿主动物分布及其汉坦病毒感染率进行流行病学调查。结果1955—2006年全自治区共报告HFRS 8310例，分布在9个盟（市）的61个旗（县、市、区）。呼伦贝尔市是全自治区HFRS流行最严重的地区，共报告病例7369例，占全区发病例数的88．68％。20世纪90年代前，疫情主要发生在内蒙古的东部地区；90年代后，疫情在中西部地区陆续出现。位于西部的巴彦淖尔市于1999年首次报告HFRS病例，随后发病例数逐年增多，2005年报告95例。在啮齿动物中，现已查明黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠、小家鼠、黑线仓鼠、子午沙鼠、莫氏田鼠、红背肝、大林姬鼠、小毛足鼠、三趾跳鼠、五趾跳鼠11种鼠携带汉坦病毒。结论内蒙古自治区HFRS疫区有可能还将扩大，疫情也会在一段时间内维持在较高水平。

Study on the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic feVer with renal syndrome in Inner Mongolia

OBJECTIVE: In order to better understand the epidemiological features of Hantviruses in Inner Mongolia. METHODS: Epidemiological surveillance data during the period of the past 52 years were analyzed. An epidemiological survey was carried out in the main epidemic areas in 2005. RESULTS: A total of 8310 hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) cases were reported in Inner Mongolia from 1955 to 2006, and distributed in 61 counties. HFRS cases were mainly distributed in the east part of Inner Mongolia before 1990. However, HFRS cases had occurred in the middle and western parts since 1990. Hulunbeier prefecture, from the eastern part of Inner Mongolia, had been the most severe area being hit by HERS since the first outbreak in 1955, with 7369 cases reported over the past 52 years, and accounted for 88.68% of the total cases in the whole autonomous region. Although no HFRS cases had been reported before 1999 in Bayannaoer which located in the western part of Inner Mongolia, a total of 95 cases were reported in 2005. Hantavirus antigens had been detected in 11 species of rodents so far,including Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus, Mus Musculus, Cricetulus barabensis, meriones meridianus, Microtus maximowiczii , Clethrionomys rutilus, Apodemus peninsulae, Phodopus roborvskii, Dipus sagitta and Allactaga sibirica. CONCLUSION: Results suggested that the epidemics might remain at a relatively high level in the years to come in Inner Mongolia. Furthermore, there might be other types of Hantaviruses in addition to the already identified Seoul viral type in this area.