脑小血管病患者认知、睡眠和血浆标志物的研究进展

近年来随着神经影像技术的提高与普及，越来越多的脑小血管病被正确识别，脑小血管病在老年人群中已经成为一类常见病。脑小血管病能够引起一系列威胁患者健康的问题，尤其是认知功能损害，但由于疾病早期症状不突出，影像学检查滞后等原因，目前临床仍然缺乏有效的手段尽早识别此类疾病。本文阐述了脑小血管病的影像分型以及其特征性认知功能改变，探讨睡眠和血浆生物标志物与脑小血管病之间的关系，为临床早期鉴别诊断和个体化治疗提供有力依据。

Research progress of cognition, sleep and plasma biomarkers in patients with cerebral small vessel disease

In recent years, with the improvement and popularization of neuroimaging technology, more and more cases of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) have been correctly identified, and it has become a common disease among the elderly. CSVD can cause a series of problems threatening patients''health, especially cognitive impairment. However, due to the lack of prominent early symptoms and lagging imaging examination, there is still a lack of effective means to identify such diseases as soon as possible. This paper expounds the imaging classification of CSVD and its characteristic cognitive function changes, and discusses its relationship between sleep and plasma biomarkers, so as to provide a strong basis for early clinical differential diagnosis and individualized treatment.