减低剂量IA方案联合司莫司汀治疗急性髓细胞白血病的临床观察

目的 探讨减低剂量去甲氧柔红霉素、阿糖胞苷联合司莫司汀(IAS)方案治疗急性髓细胞白血病(AML)的临床疗效和不良反应.方法 将58例初诊AML患者采用随机数字表法分为两组,其中IAS组30例,DA组(柔红霉素+阿糖胞苷)28例.IAS方案具体为去甲氧柔红霉素8～10mg/(m2·d),第1～3天,静脉注射；阿糖胞苷100～150 mg/(m2·d),第1～7天,静脉滴注；司莫司汀200 mg,化疗前1d口服.DA方案具体为柔红霉素40 ～60 mg/(m2·d),第1～3天,静脉注射；阿糖胞苷100～150 mg/(m2·d),第1～7天,静脉滴注.以完全缓解率和总有效率作为疗效观察指标.结果 1个疗程化疗结束后IAS组完全缓解率为80.0％ (24/30),总有效率为86.7％ (26/30)；DA组完全缓解率为57.1％ (16/28),总有效率为64.3％ (18/28),两组间完全缓解率、总有效率差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为4.167和3.962,P均＜0.05).化疗的不良反应主要为骨髓抑制和粒细胞缺乏所致的感染,未见严重的非血液系统不良反应,两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义 96.7％( 29/30)、92.9％( 26/28),x2=0.004,P＞0.05].结论 IAS诱导方案疗效优于DA方案,不良反应可耐受,可以作为初治AML患者高效安全的化疗方案.

The clinical observation of reduced dose idarubicin combined with cytarabine, semustine regimen in the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicity of reduced dose idarubicin and cytarabine,semustine(IAS) regimen as induction therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Methods A total of fifty-eight newly acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients were randomly divided into 2 groups,including 30 cases with IAS regimen,28 cases with DA regimen The IAS regimen was treated with reduced dose idarubicin (8 ～ 10 mg/m2,days 1 to 3) and cytarabine( 100 ～ 150 mg/m2,days 1 to 7),semustine(200mg,d0).The DA regimen was treated with daunorubicin(40 ～60 mg/m2,days 1 to 3) and cytarabine ( 100 ～ 150 mg/m2,days 1 to 7).The responses ( CR and overall response rate ) were compared between the 2 groups.Results Complete remission(CR) rate in IAS and DA groups were 24 of 30( 80.0％ ) and 16 of 28 (57.1％ ) respectively,while the overall response rate were 26 of 30 ( 86.7％ ) and 18 of 28 ( 64.3％ ) respectively.There was significant difference in CR rate and overall response rate between IAS group and DA group( P ＜ 0.05 ).Myelosuppression and infections due to neutropenia were the most frequent adverse effects,severe nonhematologic toxicity was not observed.The incidence rates of toxicities in the 2 groups were not significantly different ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion The effect of reduced dose idarubicin and cytarabine,semustine regimen in the treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is superior to that of DA regimen,and the toxicities are tolerable.IAS regimen can be as the optional induction therapy in newly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.