新辅助治疗在直肠癌脉管癌栓中的临床意义

目的 研究新辅助治疗后直肠癌脉管癌栓在中低位直肠癌组织中的分布规律,探讨脉管癌栓对直肠癌预后评价的意义.方法 按照入选标准收集2002年8月至2005年8月北京大学临床肿瘤学院连续收治的接受根治性切除的中低位直肠癌患者297例,根据是否接受术前辅助治疗将患者分成新辅助治疗组和对照组,观察两组患者术后病理标本中的脉管癌栓并根据术后随访资料研究脉管癌栓与预后的关系.采用x2检验分析其相关性,Kaplan-Meier生存法分析无病生存率和总生存率.结果 脉管癌栓总体阳性率为23.9%(71/297),新辅助治疗组阳性率为21.5%(31/144),对照组阳性率为26.1%(40/153),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.872,P＞0.05).新辅助治疗组和对照组的脉管癌栓均与病理T、N分期及组织学分化程度有关(x2=13.490,27.401,7.323;16.188,21.623,16.534,P<0.05).新辅助治疗组脉管癌栓与局部复发无关(x2=0.000,P＞0.05),对照组的脉管癌栓与局部复发有关(x2=4.010,P<0.05).两组的脉管癌栓均与远处转移有关(x2=4.950,14.332,P<0.05).脉管癌栓阳性者比阴性者的无病生存率和总体生率低,分别为46.4%(26/56)和75.1%(148/197)、56.7%(34/60)和79.4%(166/209),两者比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=16.720,12.660,P<0.05).结论 新辅助治疗并未使脉管癌栓减少,但脉管癌栓在生物学行为上已经发生了变化,且脉管癌栓阳性的患者有可能从新辅助治疗中获益.

Clinical significance of lymphovascular invasion in rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy

Objective To investigate lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in mid-low rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy. Methods A total of 297 consecutive patients with mid-low rectal cancer received radical surgery from August 2002 to August 2005 at Beijing Cancer Hospital. All patients were divided into the neoadjuvant therapy group and a control group according to whether they underwent preoperative radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. Histological assessment of tumor specimens was made, and correlation of LVI and prognosis was analysed using the chi-square test. The disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate were analysed by the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Results The overall positive rate of LVI was 23.9% (71/297). The positive rates of LVI in neoadjuvant therapy group and control group were 21.5% (31/144) and 26. 1% (40/153), respectively,with no significant difference between the groups ( x2 = 0.872, P ＞ 0.05). In the neoadjuvant therapy and control groups, LVI was significantly associated with pathologic T and N stages as well as the degree of histological differentiation (x2 =13.490, 27.401,7.323;16. 188, 21.623, 16.534, P＜0.05). In the control group, LVI was closely associated with local recurrence (x2 =4. 010, P ＜0.05 ), whereas this was not the case in the neoadjuvant therapy group (x2 =0.000, P＞0.05). LVI was significantly associated with distal metastasis in both the neoadjuvant therapy and control groups (x2 = 4.950, 14. 332, P ＜ 0.05 ). The disease-free and overall survival rates of patients with LVI were 46.4% (26/56) and 56.7% (34/60), which were significantly lower than 75.1%(148/197) and 79.4% ( 166/209 ) of those with no LVI, respectively ( x2 = 16. 720, 12.660, P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Neoadjuvant therapy does not significantly reduce LVI;however, the biological behaviour of LVI has changed. Patients with LVI may benefit from neoadjuvant radiotherapy.