医务人员社会支持与心理健康状况调查

目的 了解北京市三级综合医院医务人员的社会支持、应对方式及心理健康水平,发现可能存在的心理问题.方法 运用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)及人口学特征问卷,对北京市5所三级综合医院的2460名医务人员进行调查.结果 不同人口学特征的医务人员,在积极应对和支持各维度上存在差异.相关分析表明,SCL总分、总症状指数、阳性症状痛苦水平、各因子均分与消极应对方式呈正相关,P<0.01;与主客观支持、支持利用度、支持总分呈负相关,P<0.01,结论 医疗管理部门应对40岁以下、女性、丧偶或离异、大专及以下学历、初级及以下职称、无职务、急诊和重症监护室人员、医生和护士、经常夜班、自我评价过低、患有慢性病的医务人员进行重点干预,缓解其心理压力.

Survey of mental health and social support of medical staff in general hospitals

Objective To probe into the social support, coping styles, and mental health status of medical staff in a tertiary hospital in Beijing, for identifying potential mental problems. Methods Such means as the Social Support Rating Sheet (SSRS), Simple Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Symptom Checklist (SCL-90), and demographic characteristics questionnaire were called into play, to study 2460 medical staff in five tertiary hospitals in Beijing. Results Differences were identified among medical staff of different demographic characteristics, in terms of positive coping style and support dimensions. Analysis of the survey data indicates that the total SCL scores, total symptom problem index, positive symptom pain level, total average score of the factors, are positively related to passive coping style, as P<0. 01; and are negatively related to subjective/objective support, support utilization, and total support scores, as P<0. 01. Conclusions Hospital administration is expected to implement focused intervention to such medical staff as those under 40 years old, women, widows or divorcees, those with education lower than university degree, those with junior academic title or lower, those without titles, those in emergency departments and emergency intensive care units, doctors and nurses, frequent night-shift workers, those of excessively low self evaluation, and medical staff with chronic diseases. The purpose of this practice is to alleviate their mental stress.