血液透析患者家庭护理提供者焦虑状态的调查

目的探讨MHD患者家庭护理提供者焦虑状态及其影响因素。方法选取在我院血液净化中心行规律血液透析患者家庭护理提供者54例及同期在我院肾脏内科病房住院非透析患者家庭护理提供者40例作为调查对象。采用SAS量表评估调查对象的焦虑状态,分析焦虑情绪与年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、与患者关系、照料时间、患者透析龄、透析费用、生活规律改变程度的关系。结果 66.7%的MHD患者家庭护理提供者处于不同程度的焦虑状态,显著高于同期肾脏内科病房住院非透析患者家庭护理提供者17.5%焦虑发生率（P（0.01）;照料时间、透析费用、生活规律改变程度对焦虑情绪有显著影响（P（0.05）,MHD患者透析龄对家庭护理提供者焦虑情绪有显著影响（P（0.01）。结论 MHD患者家庭护理提供者焦虑情绪发生率较高,并且受照料时间、透析费用、生活规律改变程度及患者透析龄影响。MHD患者家庭护理提供者精神心理问题应引起医务人员的重视,并积极给予心理支持和关怀,以减少其焦虑情绪的发生率。

Anxiety Disorder and Its Related Factors of Caregivers of Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Objective To explore the anxiety disorder and its related factors of caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods Fifty-four caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients,forty caregivers of hospital patients who did not undergo hemodialysis were included in this study.The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS） was used for the psychosocial evaluation.Univariate analysis was performed to determine the effects of the variables including age,gender,employment status,education,dialysis status and mental status and so on.Results The scores of SAS of caregivers of maintenance hemodialysis patients were significantly higher than those of hospital patients（P0.01）.Univariate analysis demonstrated that the length of caring time,the change level of regular life and the cost of treatment contributed negative effects on mental status（P0.05）.The length of treatment time had a significantly negative effects on psychological symptoms（P0.01）.Conclusion The prevalence rate of anxiety disorder in caregivers of patients with maintenance hemodialysis was notablely high.The length of caring time,the change level of regular life,the cost of treatment and the length of treatment time were the risk factors for anxiety disorder.Health care delivers should pay more attention to the mental state of patient’s caregivers and give them more mental support in order to reduce the incidence of anxiety disorder.