上海市中学生网络过度使用者心理特征的调查

目的 调查网络过度使用（internetoveruse，IOU）在上海市中学生中的发生率，并研究IOU者的心理卫生问题和人格特征。方法 采用系统分层随机抽样的方法对上海市10所中学的3068名学生进行互联网过度使用的筛查，并用长处和困难问卷（Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire，SDQ）及艾森克个性问卷（Eysenck Personality Questionnaire，EPQ）进行评估。结果 网络过度使用在上海市中学生中的发生率为2．62％，男生IOU的发生率明显高于女生（P〈0．05）；男生中IOU组EPQ中的L量表分高于对照组，E量表分低于对照组（P〈0．05）；女生中IOU组EPQ中的L得分高于对照组（P〈0．05）。IOU组SDQ中情绪症状、品行问题、多动注意不能、同伴交往问题4个因子均高于对照者，社会行为因子低于对照组（P〈0．001）。结论 网络过度使用者与对照组相比更多地受情绪和行为问题、同伴交往等问题的心理困扰；网络过度使用者存在特定的人格特征，需要给予社会心理干预。

Investigation of psychological traits of internet overuse among middle school students in Shanghai

Objective: To investigate the occurrence rate of internet overuse (IOU) in Shanghainese middle school students and to explore the personality traits and mental health problems for them. Methods: 3068 students of 10 schools in Shanghai were involved in this study,with stratified and random sampling employed. Their personality traits were evaluated with Eysenck Personality Inventory and mental health status was tested with the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ). Results:The occurrence rate of IOU in these middle school students was 2.65%, The occurrence rate of male was significantly higher than that of female (P<0.05); the scores of L (EPQ) in the IOU male group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05), while the scores of L (EPQ) in the IOU female group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, IOU group had higher emotional and behavior difficulty scores and lower social behavior scores(P<0.001) Conclusion:Excessive users have more emotional and behavior problems and appear to have a distinctive personality profile compared with nonusers. Psychosocial intervention should be taken in the adolescents with internet overuse.