小剂量氯胺酮对腹部手术后舒芬太尼老年病人自控静脉镇痛效果的影响

目的 探讨小剂量氯胺酮对腹部手术后舒芬太尼老年病人自控静脉镇痛效果的影响.方法 择期拟行腹部手术病人60例,年龄65～82岁,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,随机分为3组(n=20):S组(舒芬太尼200μg)、K1组(舒芬太尼200μg+氯胺酮100 mg)和K2组(舒芬太尼200 μg+氯胺酮200 mg),于缝合皮肤前连接病人自控静脉镇痛泵,均采用生理盐水稀释至200 ml,负荷剂量5 ml,背景输注速率1 ml/h,按压单次给药剂量2 ml,锁定时间5 min.VAS评分≥分时,静脉注射哌替啶25 mg,记录术后48 h内哌替啶及镇痛泵药液的用量,观察恶心、呕吐、呼吸抑制等不良反应的发生情况.结果 与S组比较,K1组和K2组术后48 h内哌替啶用量均明显降低,K2组术后48 h内镇痛泵药液用量降低(P<0.05);与K1组比较,K2组术后48 h内哌替啶及镇痛泵药液的用量降低(P<0.05);各组术后48h内恶心发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),未见其他不良反应发生.结论 小剂量氯胺酮可增强腹部手术后舒芬太尼老年病人自控静脉镇痛的效果;自控静脉镇痛泵中加入氯胺酮200 mg(生理盐水稀释至200 m1)时效果较好,且不增加不良反应的发生.

Effect of small dose ketamine on efficacy of PCIA with sufentanil after abdominal surgery in aged patients

Objective To evaluate the effect of small dose ketamine on the efficacy of intravenous PCA (POA) with sufentanil after intra-abdominal surgery in aged patients.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ orⅡpatienm aged 65-82 yr undergoing elective intra-abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomized into 3 groups (n=20 each)according to the composition of PCIA solution:group I sufentanil 200 μg in 200 ml of noilnal saline (group S);group μ sufentanil 200μh+ketmine 100 mg in NS 200 ml(group K1)and group Ⅲ sufentannil 200 μg+ketmine 200 mg in NS 200 ml(group K2).A loading dose of 5 ml wag given at the end of operation.The PCIA setting was as follows:backgound infusion 1 ml/h,bolus dose 2 ml,lockout interval 5 min and 4-hour maximum dose 30 m1.If VAS score(0=no pain,10=womt pain)was≥7,pethidine 25 mg was given iv.The total amount of pethidine given within 48 h after operation and postoperative complications including nausea and vomiting and respiratory depression were recorded.Results Small dose ketamine added to the PCIA solution can significantly reduce the amount of pethidine administered after operation in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion Small dose ketamine can improve the efficacy of PCIA with sufentanil after intra-abdominal surgery in aged patients with no significant adverse effect.