Pain Management Issues as Part of the Comprehensive Care of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease |
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| Institution: | 1. Sickle Cell Institute Chhattisgarh, Raipur, India;2. Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India;1. Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida;2. College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, and Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois;3. Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois;4. Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center and Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois;5. Department of Biobehavioral Health Science (MC 802), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Nursing, Chicago, Illinois;1. New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, NC;2. Nurse Practitioner, Section of Palliative Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH;3. Pain Management, CHI Franciscan Health, Tacoma, WA;1. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Nursing, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;2. University of South Florida, College of Nursing, Tampa, Florida;1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, 303 Russ Engineering Building, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH 45435 USA;2. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Duke University Hospital, NC 27710, USA;3. Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, NC 27710, USA |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundVaso-occlusive pain crisis is one of the primary complications of sickle cell disease (SCD) and is responsible for the majority of hospital visits in patients with SCD. Stints of severe pain can last for hours to days and are difficult to treat and manage, often resulting in drastically reduced quality of life.PurposeOur purpose is to provide an overview of pain management issues in SCD populations.MethodsWe explored literature using PubMed and Embase for the etiology and management of pain in SCD. Databases were searched employing the following terms: sickle cell, pain pathways, pain perception, pharmacological therapies, psychological therapies, physical therapies and genetics.ResultsPain in SCD can vary from acute to chronic (persistent) or mixed and understanding of the underlying mechanisms is important for proper pain management. Currently, there are many means of managing pain in children with SCD, which involve pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. A combination of psychotherapy and pain medications can be used for treatment of pain and other psychosocial co-morbidities in complex persistent pain.ConclusionsProviding more appropriate medication and optimal dosage based on individual's genomic variations is the future of medicine, and this will allow the physicians to hone in on optimal pain management in patients with SCD. |
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