谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1和T1基因多态性与噪声性听力损失易感性的关系研究

目的探讨谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1和T1(GSTM1和GSTT1)的基因多态性与噪声性听力损失易感性之间的关系。方法采用横断面流行病学研究方法,对194名噪声暴露作业工人进行调查和听力测试,按听力学评价的结果将其分为听力损失组和听力正常组。用多重PCR方法检测其GSTM1和GSTT1的存在空白基因多态性。结果GSTM1和GSTT1的存在空白基因型分布在93名噪声性听力损失与101名听力正常工人之间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。采用多元Logistic回归分析对两组间年龄、性别、吸烟状况、爆震史和累积噪声暴露量等因素进行校正后,发现GSTT1空白基因型组与GSTT1存在基因型组相比噪声性听力损失的危险度显著性升高(P<0.05),调整OR值为1.952(95%可信区间为1.017～3.746);GSTM1存在与空白基因型之间发生噪声性听力损失的相对危险度差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论谷胱甘肽硫转移酶T1基因多态性可能在噪声性听力损失的发病过程中起一定作用,携带GSTT1空白基因型的个体对噪声性听力损失的易感性升高。

Relationship between GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms and noise induced hearing loss in Chinese workers

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms with the development of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) in Chinese workers. Methods 194 workers exposed to occupational noise were drawn as the subjects in the cross-sectional epidemiological study. According to the result of audiometry, they were divided into two groups: the NIHL group and the normal group. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes of 93 workers with NIHL and 101 normal workers were tested by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Results The study showed that there were no significant differences in the distribution of GSTM1 and GSTT1 existed/null genotypes frequencies between NIHL group and normal group(P>0.05). After adjusted for age, sex, smoking, history of explosive noise exposure and cumulative noise exposure (CNE) with multiple logistic regression analysis, the risk of GSTT1 null group was found significantly higher than that of the GSTT1 non-null group(P<0.05), the adjusted OR value of which was 1.952 (95% confidence interval 1.017-3.746). There was no significant difference between the GSTM1 null group and the GSTM1 non-null group in the risk of NIHL(P>0.05). Conclusion The results suggested that genetic polymorphism in GSTT1 gene might play an important role in the development of NIHL in Chinese workers; the individuals with the GSTT1 null genotype might be more susceptible to NIHL.