Three conductance classes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are expressed in developing amphibian skeletal muscle

Two previously described classes of nicotinic AChRs in vertebrate skeletal muscle have conductances of 40 and 60 pS. In addition, a third conductance class of AChR channels is present in developing Xenopus muscle. This class appears to represent an independent channel type, rather than a subconductance state of the larger conductance channels. The channel has a slope conductance of 25 pS and a reversal potential of about 0 mV membrane potential. Its kinetic properties resemble those of the 40 pS channels present in early embryonic myotomal muscle. The channel has a mean open time of about 6 msec (at 40 mV applied potential). The open time is dependent on membrane potential and increases e-fold for every 60 mV of hyperpolarization. Consecutive openings were often separated by brief closures of about 0.4 msec in duration. The identity of the channel as a nicotinic AChR was established by blocking the channel openings with alpha-BTX and by demonstrating bursting and desensitization in the presence of high agonist concentrations. In some muscles (e.g., extraocular), this channel may be a predominant form at early developmental stages and could therefore be important to the function of developing synapses in those muscles.