经腔道超声在急诊时诊断输尿管中下段结石的价值

目的探讨经腔道超声(经直肠或经阴道超声)对急诊时输尿管中下段(盆部及壁内部)结石的诊断价值.方法输尿管中下段结石的急腹症患者,行经腹与经腔道超声检查,最后作分析比较.结果 112例输尿管中下段结石,均经超声、X线平片、静脉肾盂造影及逆行输尿管造影等检查确诊.超声显示率94.6%(106/112),其中经腹超声显示率34.8%(39/112),经腔道超声显示率90.2%(101/112),两者共同显示34例,显示率有显著差异(P＜0.005).结论经腔道超声比经腹超声对诊断急诊时输尿管中下段结石更有价值,是对经腹超声的重要补充,可成为常用检查方法.

Value of Intra-cavitary Ultrasound Diagnosis of Lithiasis in Ureteral Middle and Lower Parts in Emergency Situations

Objective To probe the value of intra cavitary ultrasound(ICS)including transretal and transvaginal ultrasound(TRS,TVS)diagnosis of lithiasis in ureteral middle and lower parts(pelvic and intra wall portions)in emergency situasions.Methods The patients with lithes in ureteral middle and lower parts in emergency situations underwent transabdominal ultrasound(TAS)and ICS and the results were analysed.Results One hundred and twelve patients with lithes in ureteral middle and lower parts were diagnosed and confirmed by ultrasound,X ray plain films,intravenous nephropyelography and retrograde urography.The demonstration rate of ultrasound was 94 6%(106/112).Of the total,in 112 patients the demonstration rate of TAS was 34 8%(39/112)while that of ICS was 90 2%(101/112).Thirty Four patients had positive demonstration both in ICS and TAS.The demonstration rate of ICS had statistically significant difference from that of TAS( P <0 005). Conclusions ICS,which is more valuable for diagnosing lithiasis in the ureteral middle and lower parts in emergency situations than that of TAS,is an important adjuvent to TAS and may be used as a routine examination.