宁波市1764例麻疹的流行病学特征分析

目的通过对麻疹发病情况进行分析,掌握麻疹流行病学特征和发病规律,为制定和调整麻疹的防制措施提供科学依据。方法对宁波市传染病医院2000-2005年住院的1 764例麻疹病例进行描述流行病学分析。结果每年3-5月是麻疹高发季节。发病年龄呈双峰型,1-4岁和20-39岁麻疹病例占总病例数的75.85%。男女性发病比为1.27∶1。流动人口发病率高于本市人口,城市地区和城乡结合部发病高于农村地区。有麻疹疫苗(MV)免疫史者378例(21.43%),无MV免疫史者873例(49.49%),MV免疫史不详者513例(29.08%)。结论麻疹的防控工作应以加强流动人口管理为重点,同时建议调整麻疹疫苗免疫程序,对育龄期妇女和流动人口需进行麻疹疫苗接种。

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of 1764 Measles Cases in Ningbo City

Objective To analyze measles incidence in Ningbo,so as to know the measles epidemiological characteristics in the city and provide the strategies for measles control.Methods 1 764 measles cases were collected in Ningbo Infectious Diseases Hospital from 2000 to 2005 and epidemiological features were analyzed.Results The results showed that the high incidence period was from March to May.We grouped measles cases by age,75.85% cases from two groups: between 1 to 4 years old and between 20 to 39 years old.The incidence in floating population was higher than that in local people and the incidence in down-town and suburb was higher than that in countryside.Of the 1 764 measles cases,378(21.43 %) cases were vaccinated,873(49.49 %) cases were not and 513(29.08%) cases hadn't clear immunization records.Conclusion It is very important to strengthen management of floating population in providing the strategies for measles control.We should adjust measles vaccination procedure scientifically.We should also conduct supplementary immunization for women in breeding period and floating population.