社区获得性肺炎住院患者抗菌药物利用分析

目的:了解社区获得性肺炎患者的抗菌药物使用情况。方法:回顾性分析我院呼吸内科2013年3-4月105例社区获得性肺炎患者的基本资料、实验室检查结果、抗菌药物应用情况等,根据《抗菌药物临床应用指导原则》,同时结合药物利用指数(DUI)对其合理性进行评价。结果:社区获得性肺炎多发于老年患者,且多合并多种基础疾病。仅5例痰培养为阳性结果。抗菌药物初始单一用药49例,联合用药56例,15例在治疗过程中对药物进行了调整。抗菌药物共涉及6类14个品种,使用频次最高的为左氧氟沙星,DUI在0.9¹.1之间的有3种。最常见的联用方式为第三代头孢菌素类+氟喹诺酮类。结论:抗菌药物应用存在药物选择不当、剂量过大、给药途径不当、疗程过长等问题。

Analysis of the Utilization of Antibacterial Drugs in the Inpatients with Community-acquired Pneumonia

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the utilization of antibacterial drugs in the patients with community-acquired pneumonia. METHODS： 105 cases of our hospital with community-acquired pneumonia during Mar.--Apr. 2013 were analyzed retrospectively in respects of general information, laboratory examination, the application of antibacterial drugs, etc. According to Principle for Clinical Application of Antibacterial Drugs, the rationality of the utilization of antibacterial drugs was evaluated by using DUI. RESULTS： The majority suffering from the community-acquired pneumonia were elderly patients, complicating with basic diseases. Only 5 cases are positive sputum culture. 49 cases received initial single drug, and 56 cases received drug combination. The drugs of 15 cases had been adjusted in the treatment process. 6 class 14 varieties antibacterial drugs were involved, and the frequency of levofloxacin was the highest. DUI of only 3 kinds of antibacterial drugs were between 0.9 to 1.1. The most common way of drug combination were third-generations cephalosporins ＋ fluoroquinolone. CONCLUSIONS： There are some unreasonable phenomenon as unreasonable selection, excessive dose, unreasonable route of administration, prolonged course.