青蒿酯钠静脉注射对犬的亚急性毒性

给犬iv青蒿酯钠每天一次,连续14d,90mg/kg使全部动物中毒死亡,45mg/kg中毒表现明显,2/6犬死亡,22.5mg/kg出现轻度中毒,11.25mg/kg未见明显毒副作用,可视为基本安全剂量。毒性作用的主要症状表现为呕吐、摄食量减少,重者出现粘液血便等;心电图Q-T间期延长,Q-T比值增大;化验及病理检查显示骨髓造血抑制,首先是红系成熟障碍,胆汁淤滞,内脏淤血,45mg/kg以上剂量还出现粒系成熟障碍及心、肝、肾、胃肠道、视网膜等组织实质性损伤及相应的血液学和血液生化变化。血液网织红细胞减少或消失仍是最敏感的指标。停药后28d各种变化基本恢复正常。

Subacute toxicity of intravenously injcted sodium artesunate in dogs

A 14 day subacute tox-icity test on iv sodium artesunate was conducted in mongrel dogs. Four dose groups i.e.90,45,22.5 and 11.25 mg/(kg·d) ran parallelly with a solvent control. Each of them consisted of 3 male and 3 female dogs. Symptoms and signs, ECG, hematology, blood chemistry, urinalysjs, necropsy and histopathological examinations were performed at definite intervals. The results revealed that 90 and 45 mg/(kg·d) was completely and partially lethal to the animals, respectively, while the toxicity of 22.5 mg/ (kg·d) was mild and 11.25 mg/(kg·d) essentially nontoxic. The main toxic manifestations at the dose of 22.5 mg/(kg·d) seemed to be limit-ed to erythropoietic suppression of the bone marrow. At the dose 45 mg /(kg·d), the myeloid series was also involved. Cholestasis, congestion and hemorrhage of the visceral organs (including bone marrow and retina of the eyes), degenerative changes of the parenchymal cells of liver, mucosa of gastro-intestinal tract, epithelial cells of the convoluted tubules of the kidney and myocardium in the hemorrhagic area of the heart were also found in these dose groups. Thus the erythropoietic system of bone marrow could be assumed as the most sensitive target organ. However, after a 28 day recovery period all the changes returned to normal.