2017年郴州市生活饮用水水碘含量调查结果分析

目的 全面了解郴州市生活饮用水水碘含量,科学指导碘缺乏病防治工作。 方法 按照《全国生活饮用水水碘含量调查方案》要求,对11个县(市、区)158个乡(镇、街道)开展以乡镇为单位的饮用水水碘含量调查,水碘中位数大于10 μg/L的乡镇开展以行政村(居委会)为单位的生活饮用水水碘调查。采用国家碘缺乏病参照实验室推荐方法检测水碘含量。采用Excel 2007和SPSS 17.0软件分析水碘调查数据。 结果 11个县(市、区)158个乡(镇、街道)共采集水样1 319份,水碘含量＜10 μg/L的水样占89.92%(1 186/1 319)。11个县(市、区)水碘中位数均＜10 μg/L;158个乡镇中,水碘中位数＜10 μg/L的占98.73%(156/158),10~100 μg/L的占1.27%(2/158)。以行政村为单位调查,共调查2个县2个乡镇19个村,水碘中位数＜10 μg/L的村占57.89%(11/19),10~100 μg/L的村占42.11%(8/19)。集中供水、部分集中供水和分散式供水水碘中位数分别为2.76、2.01和1.62 μg/L,总体差异有统计学意义(H=17.94,P<0.001),集中供水水碘中位值显著高于部分集中供水(D=11.19,P=0.000)和分散式供水(D=16.97,P=0.000)。地表水和井水水碘中位数分别为1.50和2.54 μg/L,差异有统计学意义(Z=-9.55,P<0.001)。城市地区和农村地区水碘中位数分别为3.37和1.90 μg/L,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.68,P=0.007)。 结论 郴州市生活饮用水水碘含量总体处于较低水平,属外环境碘缺乏地区,须坚持科学补碘,持续开展碘缺乏病全面监测。

Survey results of iodine content in drinking water in Chenzhou City, 2017

Objective To fully understand the iodine content of drinking water in Chenzhou City, and to scientifically guide prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods According to the National Survey Plan for Iodine Content in Drinking Water, we investigated the iodine content of drinking water in 158 townships (towns and streets) of 11 counties (cities and districts) based on taking townships and towns as units as well as in the townships and towns with the median of water iodine being greater than 10 μg/L based on taking administrative villages (neighborhood committees) as units. The iodine content in water was detected by the method recommended by the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Reference Laboratory. The data regarding the survey of water iodine were analyzed by Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0 software. Results A total of 1,319 water samples were collected from 158 townships (towns and streets) of 11 counties (cities and streets). The water samples with iodine content less than 10 μg/L accounted for 89.92% (1,186/1,319). The median of water iodine in the 11 counties (cities and districts)was less than 10 μg/L. The townships with the median of water iodine being less than 10 μg/L accounted for 98.73% (156/158), and those with the median of water iodine being 10-100 μg/L 1.27% (2/158). We investigated 19 villages in 2 townships of 2 counties based on taking administrative villages as units. The villages with the median of water iodine being less than 10 μg/L accounted for 57.89% (11/19), and those with the median of water iodine being 10-100 μg/L 42.11% (8/19). The median of water iodine in centralized water supply was the highest (2.76 μg/L), followed by partially centralized water supply (2.01 μg/L) and distributed water supply (1.62 μg/L). There were statistically significant differences in the median of water iodine among different water supply modes (H=17.94, P<0.001). The median of water iodine was higher in well water than in surface water (2.54 μg/L vs. 1.50 μg/L),with a statistically significant differences (Z=-9.55, P<0.001). The median of water iodine in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas (3.37 μg/L vs. 1.90 μg/L), with a statistically significant differences (Z=-2.68, P=0.007). Conclusions The iodine content of drinking water in Chenzhou City is generally at a low level. Chenzhou City belongs to the iodine deficiency area of external environment; and hence, it is necessary to adhere to scientific supplementation of iodine and constantly conduct a comprehensive monitoring of iodine deficiency disorders.