珠海市户籍人口2006-2017年自杀死亡人群流行病学特征

目的了解珠海市人群自杀死亡流行特征及自杀模式,为自杀干预提供决策依据。方法应用国际疾病分类ICD10,收集2006-2017年珠海市户籍居民死因监测资料,分析珠海市人群自杀死亡的流行特征及变化趋势。结果 2006-2017年间珠海市户籍人群平均自杀死亡率为4.56/10万,标准化率为4.06/10万,是继交通事故之后的第2位伤害死亡原因;男性和女性、农村和城市的标准化率分别为4.84/10万、3.22/10万,4.84/10万、3.37/10万,男性高于女性(u=4.25,P<0.01),农村高于城市(u=3.81,P<0.01)。自杀方式以悬吊、高处跳下居多,占所有自杀死亡的68.12%。结论 2006-2017年珠海市户籍人群平均自杀死亡率低于全国平均水平;农村高于城市,且主要为悬吊、高处跳下;男性明显高于女性,且多发生在老年男性人群。预防控制重点为农村地区和老年人群,加强社区公共卫生服务、心理健康的教育和干预、农药、药物的安全管理和改善农村经济条件,提高老年人生活质量等。

Epidemiological characteristics of suicide death people among registered population in Zhuhai city, 2006-2017

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of suicide deaths and suicide patterns in Zhuhai population, and to provide a decision-making basis for suicide intervention. Methods The data regarding surveillance of death causes among registered residents in Zhuhai city during 2006-2017 were collected from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10), and the epidemiological characteristics and changing tendency of suicide deaths in Zhuhai city were analyzed. Resultss The average suicidal mortality rate and the standardized rate in registered residents in Zhuhai city during 2006-2017 were 4.56/100,000 and 4.06/100,100, respectively. Suicide was the second major cause of injury death, only next to traffic accidents. The standardized mortality rate was higher in males than in females (4.84/100,000 vs. 3.22/100,000, u=4.25, P<0.01) as well as higher in rural areas than in urban areas (4.84/100,000 vs. 3.37/100,000, u=3.81, P<0.01). Hanging/suffocation and jumping from high places were the most frequently used methods of suicide, accounting for 68.12% of the total suicide deaths. Conclusions The average suicide mortality rate in registered residents in Zhuhai city during 2006-2017 was lower than that of the whole nation. The suicide mortality rate was found to be higher in rural areas than in urban areas, and hanging/suffocation and jumping from high places were the most common methods. The suicide mortality rate was significantly higher in males than in females, and most of suicide deaths occurred in the elderly males. Therefore, special attention should be paid to rural areas and the elderly; meanwhile, more powerful measures such as strengthening community public health services, mental health education and intervention, and pesticide and drug safety management, improving rural economic conditions and promoting the life quality of the elderly should be taken.