颈椎手术患者气道梗阻预防及管理的最佳证据应用

目的 将颈椎手术患者气道梗阻预防及管理的最佳证据应用于临床实践，评价应用效果。方法 筛选颈椎手术后气道梗阻预防及管理的最佳证据，制订循证实践方案，经过基线审查、分析障碍因素并构建最佳证据应用策略，于2020年8月—2021年12月在湖北省武汉市某三级甲等医院骨科实施，比较证据应用前后审查指标的执行率以及护士对颈椎手术气道梗阻预防及管理的知识水平。结果 最佳证据应用后，23个审查指标中，19个审查指标的执行率显著高于基线审查水平（P<0.05）。护士颈椎手术气道梗阻知识水平得分由（48.38±9.40）分提升至（53.49±9.67）分，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论颈椎手术后气道梗阻预防及管理最佳证据的应用提高了护士对审查指标的执行率和知识水平，保障了患者安全。

Evidence-based nursing practice of airway obstruction prevention and management in patients undergoing cervical spinal surgery

Objective To summarize the best evidence of airway obstruction prevention and management in patients undergoing cervical spinal surgery，and to apply evidence-based nursing practice and evaluate the effects. Methods The best evidence for prevention and management of airway obstruction in patients undergoing cervical surgery was summarized using an evidence-based care approach，and an evidence-based practice protocol was developed. The best evidence application strategy was constructed after baseline review and analysis of barriers，and it was implemented in the department of orthopedics in a tertiary hospital in Hubei Province from August 2020 to December 2021. The knowledge level of nurses about airway obstruction and the implementation rate of the reviewed indicators were compared before and after the application of evidence. Results After the application of best evidence, the implementation rate of 19 review indicators out of 23 significantly improved compared with baseline review（P<0.05）. The score of nurses’ knowledge level of airway obstruction after cervical spine surgery increased from（48.38±9.40） to （53.49±9.67），with a statistically significant difference（P<0.001）. Conclusion The application of the best evidence for prevention and management of airway obstruction after cervical spine surgery can improve nurses’ implementation rate，improve their knowledge level，and ensure patient safety.