前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者康复护理方案的构建及应用

目的 构建前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者康复护理方案并进行初步应用，为临床上开展前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者康复护理提供参考。方法 基于循证文献检索、半结构式访谈初步构建前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者康复护理方案。于2022年1月—3月，通过对15名专家进行2轮函询，形成前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者康复护理方案。采用便利抽样法，选取2022年5月—7月在上海市某三级甲等医院泌尿外科门诊就诊的前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者作为研究对象。试验组采用前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者康复护理方案进行护理，对照组进行常规护理，使用国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷简表和24 h尿垫试验评价方案的初步应用效果。结果 形成的前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者康复护理方案包括6个一级条目、15个二级条目、43个三级条目；2轮函询的专家权威系数分别为0.88、0.98，肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.17、0.12（均P<0.001）；试验组术后1个月和术后3个月的国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷简表得分和24 h漏尿量均低于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论 该研究构建的前列腺癌术后尿失禁患者康复护理方案具有一定的科学性，应用该方案对前列腺癌术后患者进行指导可改善患者术后尿失禁的恢复情况，减少患者术后1个月和术后3个月的24 h漏尿量。

Construction and application of a rehabilitation management programme for urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery

Objective This study aims to construct a rehabilitation management programme for urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery，and to apply the programme to clinical practice，so as to provide references for future work. Methods Through evidence-based literature search and qualitative research，a grief rehabilitation management programme for urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery was formed. From January to March 2022，15 experts were consulted using Delphi method，and a rehabilitation management programme for urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery was formed. From May to July 2022，the convenience sampling was used to select patients with urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery in the urology clinic of a hospital in Shanghai. The experimental group was given the urinary incontinence rehabilitation management program，while the control group was given the routine nursing. The application effect of the programme was evaluated by the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form and 24-hour urinary pad test. Results The final programme included 6 first-level items，15 second-level items，and 43 third-level items. The expert authority coefficients were 0.88 and 0.98，and the Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.17 and 0.12（P<0.001）. The ICIQ-SF scores and 24-hour pad weight at 1 month and 3 months after surgery in the intervention group were lower than the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of the rehabilitation management programme improved the recovery of postoperative incontinence and reduced the 24-hour pad weight of patients at 1 month and 3 months after surgery. The programme can be popularized and applied after further verification.