内质网应激与心房颤动研究进展

心房颤动（AF）是临床常见的持续性心律失常，是卒中和心力衰竭的独立危险因素，然而其具体发病机制尚不完全清楚。内质网是调控蛋白质合成、细胞内Ca2+浓度、氧化应激水平、诱导细胞凋亡信号通路的主要细胞器，在心律失常发生和发展中的作用日益受到重视。多种致病因素可导致内质网应激（ERS），其主要通过未折叠蛋白反应（UPR）来恢复内质网稳态。ERS的过度激活可导致心房肌细胞Ca2+超载、氧化应激失衡和细胞凋亡，在AF的发病机制中发挥重要作用。本文对ERS和AF研究进展进行了综述。

Progress in endoplasmic reticulum stress and atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common clinical persistent arrhythmia and an independent risk factor for stroke and heart failure. However, the exact pathogenesis of AF is not completely clear. Endoplasmic reticulum is a major organelle that regulates protein synthesis, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, oxidative stress level, and induces apoptotic signaling pathways. A variety of pathogenic factors can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), which mainly restores the homeostasis of endoplasmic reticulum through the unfolded protein response (UPR). Excessive activation of ERS can lead to Ca2+ overload of atrial myocytes, imbalance of oxidative stress and apoptosis, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of AF. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research progress of ERS and AF.