Relationship between personality and physical capacities in older adults: The mediating role of subjective age,aging attitudes and physical self-perceptions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021 Nîmes Cedex 1, France;2. Université Côte d''Azur, CHU, Cimiez, Plateforme fragilité, 06000 Nice, France;3. Université Côte d''Azur, Lamhess, France;4. Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France;5. Université Côte d''Azur, IRCAN, Nice, France;1. Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario;2. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec;3. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec;4. Research Centre on Aging, Integrated Academic Health Centre and Social Services in the Eastern Townships, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec;5. Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA;6. Department of Medicine, McGill University Montreal, Quebec;7. Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec;1. Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan;2. Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan;3. Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan;1. Clinical Gerontology Department, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France;2. Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, CHU of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;3. Department of Oral Public Health, UFR of Odontology, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France;4. Handicap, Activité, Cognition, Santé, U1219 Bordeaux, Population, Health, INSERM, Bordeaux, France;6. CRMSB, UMR 5536, CNRS/Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France;1. Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;2. Faculty II – Institute of Psychology, Developmental Psychology and Clinical Psychology of the Lifespan, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2a, 57068 Siegen, Germany;3. Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;4. Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany;5. Institute of General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany;6. Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Theodor Kutzer-Ufer 1 – 3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;7. Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;8. Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Ritterstraße 26, 04109 Leipzig, Germany;9. Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstraße 21, 80333 Munich, Germany;10. Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany;11. German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127 Bonn, Germany;1. Department of Nursing, Mackay Medical College. 46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd., Sanzhi Dist., New Taipei City 252, Taiwan, ROC;2. College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Consultant, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Address: No.155, Sec.2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No.365, Ming-te Road, Peitou District, Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC;4. Heart Center, Cheng-Hsin Hospital, Taipei, No. 45, Zhenxing St., Beitou Dist., Taipei City 112, Taiwan, ROC;5. Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shi-Pai Road, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan, ROC;1. Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan;2. Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan;3. Atsuta Public Health Center, City of Nagoya, Aichi, Japan;4. Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya Keizai University, Aichi, Japan;5. Department of Home Economics, Aichi Gakusen University, Aichi, Japan;6. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan;7. Okazaki Public Health Center, Okazaki Medical Association, Aichi, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Walking speed and muscular strength are two main markers of health in adulthood. Previous studies have shown that personality traits may predict these two outcomes. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying these relationships. Thus, the present study examined whether personality traits are associated with walking speed and muscular strength through the mediating role of subjective age (how young or old individuals experience themselves to be), attitudes toward aging and physical self-perceptions.Community-dwelling older women (N = 243; Mage = 73.0; SDage = 6.5) were recruited. For reasons of recruitment feasibility, participants were only older women. They were requested to complete a questionnaire measuring personality, subjective age, attitudes toward aging and physical self-perceptions. Following this, their walking speed and their muscular strength were investigated. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. In line with the literature, we extended the associations between extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness and walking speed and between conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness and muscular strength. Physical self-perceptions appear to be a robust mediator between personality traits and walking speed whereas attitudes toward aging and subjective age mediated the personality traits/muscular strength relationship.This study provides evidence, for the first time, that the associations between personality traits and physical capacities are different according to the physical capacities investigated. Based on these results, it could be interesting to adapt physical activity interventions to the psychological profile of older adults. |
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