An overview of premenstrual syndrome

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a recurrent disorder that occurs in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. It is characterized by intense physical, psychological, and behavioral changes that interrupt interpersonal relationships and disrupt the lives of affected women. Premenstrual syndrome is believed to affect 75% of women of childbearing age. Because no tests can confirm PMS, the diagnosis should be made on the basis of a patient-completed daily symptom calendar and the exclusion of other medical disorders. PMS symptoms occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and remit with the onset of menstruation or shortly afterward. The aetiology of PMS is still unknown uncertain, but are likely associated with aberrant responses to normal hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. A wide range of therapeutic interventions has been tested in the treatment of premenstrual symptoms. Most non-pharmacological interventions that have been proven efficacious require a series of interventions. If non-medical approaches are ineffective, drug therapy may be appropriate. Several pharmaceutics agents have been shown to relieve symptoms. Calcium carbonate and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have demonstrated excellent efficacy.