青春期大鼠受己烯雌酚持续作用对成年后睾丸结构与功能的影响

目的：探讨青春期大鼠受己烯雌酚(DES)持继作用后的睾丸损伤,损伤后在成年期的睾丸结构及生精功能能否恢复。方法：青春期雄性SD大鼠48只,随机均分成：A_1、B_1、C_1和D_1组；A_2、B_2、C_2和D_2组。分别隔日腹腔注射含DES0μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(A_1,A_2,为对照组)、2μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(B_1,B_2)、10μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(C_1,C_2)和50μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(D_1,D_2)的玉米油0.3 ml,28 d后处死A_1-D_1组动物采集标本。A_2-D_2组则继续正常饲养60 d(恢复期),然后处死动物取材。检测大鼠体重(BW)、睾丸重量(TW)、附睾重量(EW)、睾丸每日精子生成量(DSP)以及附睾尾精子数(ESC)等5项参数的变化,应用光镜观察睾丸生精上皮的组织学变化。结果：B_1组的TW、DSP和ESC显著低于A_1组(P＜0．01),C_1组和 D_1组的5项参数均显著低于A_1组(P＜0．05)。与A_2组相比较,B_2组的5项参数均没有显著性差异(P＞0．05),C_2组DSP和ESC显著减少(P＜0．05),D_2组则TW、EW、DSP和ESC显著降低(P＜0．01)。DES染毒各组的睾丸曲细精管出现了不同程度的萎缩,且随剂量增加病理改变程度加重。恢复期后,睾丸曲细精管组织结构B_2组显示正常,C_2组有明显恢复,D_2组未得到恢复。结论：青春期大鼠受DES持续作用可导致睾丸生精上皮损伤,生精能力下降。损伤较轻组在成年后,睾丸组织结构和生精功能得到不同程度的恢复,但损伤程度重者未见恢复。

Effects of Pubertal Diethylstilbestrol Administration on Spermatogenesis of Testis in Adult Rats

Objective:To investigate the testicular damage,testicular structttre after damage in adult stage, as well as whether the spermatogenesis function could recover in adult rats after exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) during puberty.Methods:Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6 weeks,were divided into 8 groups randomly.Groups A_1 and A_2 were control groups given 0.3 ml/d corn oil alone.Group B_1 and BE,C_1 and C_2,D_1 and D_2 were administered DES at the dose of 2μg.kg~(-1)·d~(-1),10μg·kg~(-1).d~(-1),50μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) in 0.3 ml corn oil on alternate days respectively from postnatal the 6th to 10th week.After pubertal DES administration,animals in groups A_1-D_1 were killed to obtain testicular tissues.Animals in groups A_2-D_2 were undergone sequent 60 d for natural recovery,then killed at the end of the period.Changes on body weight (BW),testicular weight (TW), epididymal weight (EW),daily sperm production (DSP),and epididymal sperm count (ESC) in all groups were determined.The testicular histology was evaluated under light microscopy.Results:Compared with group A_1,TW, DSP,and ESC in group B_1,and all five parameters in both group C_1 and D_1 were significant lower (P＜0.01).After recovery period,compared with group A_2,no difference on these five parameters was observed in group B_2 (P＞0.05).However,DSP and ESC in group C_2 (P＜0.05),and TW,EW,DSP,and ESC in group D_2 (P＜0.01) still significantly decreased in all DES groups,some seminiferous tubules showed atrophy and hypospermatogenesis. With increase of DES doses,testicular structure had more severe damage.After recovery period,group B_2 had similar testicular histology with group A_2.Group C_2 also showed obvious recovery,but a few seminiferous tubules still had hypospermatogenesis.However,testicular histology of group D_2 was still in poor state. Conclusions:Spermatogenesis in male rat would be lower after pubertal DES exposure.Exposure to high DES dose would give severe testicular damage,which could result in poor spermatogenesis in adulthood.